高等教育财政投入及高校竞争力:空间特征与驱动力识别  

Higher Education Fiscal Spending and Universities Competitiveness:Spatial Features and Driving Forces Recognition

作　　者：刘晓凤[1] 李研 LIU Xiao-feng;LI Yan

机构地区：[1]湖北经济学院财政与公共管理学院,湖北武汉430205 [2]暨南大学力学与建筑工程学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《现代教育论丛》2022年第2期87-100,112,共15页Modern Education Review

基　　金：湖北省高等学校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(省社科基金前期资助项目)“湖北省高等教育对劳动力供给及产业竞争力的影响研究”(21ZD091);中国高等教育学会“地方大学改革发展重大理论与实践问题研究”专项课题地方“双一流”高校科技创新能力的识别、影响因素及提升机制研究(21DFD02)。

摘　　要：高等教育财政投入是提升高校竞争力的重要一环,为高校竞争力提供了经济基础与助推器。本研究在构建高等教育财政投入与高校竞争力指标基础上,综合运用CDA耦合协调度模型、ESDA探索性空间数据分析与GeoDetector地理探测器模型,探究中国大陆31个省份高等教育财政投入与高校竞争力协调度空间特征及驱动力。结果显示:中国各省高等教育财政投入与高校竞争力协调度水平较低且存在明显的空间差异特征,显现出整体非均衡、局部聚集的空间结构特征。此外,高等教育财政投入与高校竞争力协调度呈现出正向空间关联性,两者的协调度主要以胡焕庸线为界,其东南侧多为热点聚集区,西北侧多为冷点聚集区。国家层面,政府调控对高等教育财政投入与高校竞争力协调度有着重要的引导功效。地区层面,东部地区协调度影响因素呈现多元化、层级性特征,创新驱动、师资驱动、投资拉动、城市化带动和地区禀赋对东部地区的协调度发挥着重要作用;人才培养结构、社会服务、创新驱动和师资驱动对中部地区起着主要作用;西部地区高等教育财政投入与高校竞争力协调性空间差异多体现为政策驱动型,人才培养结构、投资拉动发挥着重要作用;政府调控、创新驱动、人才培养结构、师资驱动对东北地区的协调度起重要作用。Fiscal Spending on Higher Education is a key factor in promoting competitiveness of universities,which provides economical foundation and booster. Based on establishing indexes of higher education fiscal spending and competitiveness of universities and colleges,the research comprehensively leverage Coupling Degree Model,Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and GeoD etector Model to discuss the spatial features and driving forces of coupling degree between higher education fiscal spending and competitiveness of universities and colleges. The result shows that coupling degrees among provinces are low and have obvious differential spatial features,with the spatial structure characteristics of disequilibrium in the whole and local clustering. The coupling degrees show that there is positive relationship between the higher education fiscal spending and competitiveness of universities which is divided mostly along the Hu’s Line. On the southeast side of Hu’s Line most regions are hot spots clustering area while on the northwest of Hu’s Line most regions are cold spots clustering area. From the state view,government regulation plays an important role in guiding the coupling degrees,factors of coupling degree in eastern region are diversified and hierarchical and innovation boosting,faculty promoting,investment pulling,urbanization impelling,regional endowment play primary functions in the coupling degrees. Talent training structure,social serving,innovation boosting,and faculty promoting playing the primary roles in central region. In western region the coupling spatial difference mainly belongs to policy promoting type and talent training structure and investment pulling also have strong explanatory powers. In northeastern region the coupling degrees are mainly affected by government regulation,innovation boosting,talent training structure and faculty promoting.

关 键 词：热点聚集区 胡焕庸线 高校竞争力 驱动力识别 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]