宜昌市城乡老年人卫生服务需求与利用分析  

Analysis on the Demand and Utilization of Healthcare Among Older Adults in Urban and Rural Areas in Yichang

作　　者：丁文裴 李忠[2,3] 唐文熙 张亮[2,3] DING Wenpei(School of International Pharmaceutical Business,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,211198,China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学国际医药商学院,江苏南京211198 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院医药卫生管理学院,湖北武汉430030 [3]湖北省人文社科重点研究基地农村健康服务研究中心,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《医学与社会》2022年第5期50-54,共5页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助重点项目,编号为71734003;国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为71603278;中国药科大学“双一流”建设研究生教育教学改革研究项目,编号为3151920118。

摘　　要：目的:了解湖北省宜昌市城乡老年人卫生服务需求与利用情况,为卫生政策规划与资源配置提供建议。方法:采用多阶段抽样法,对宜昌市的西陵区和当阳市65岁及以上老年人进行问卷调查。统计分析采用t检验、χ;检验和二项logistic回归。结果:城乡老年人两周患病率分别为10.8%和63.4%;两周就诊率分别为54.4%和14.7%;近一年住院率分别为33.3%和27.5%。主要经济来源、去最近医疗机构所需时间、自评健康状况和患慢性病情况是城市老年人卫生服务需求的影响因素;VAS自评分和患慢性病情况是农村老年人卫生服务需求的影响因素;年龄、VAS自评分和患慢性病情况是城市老年人卫生服务利用的影响因素;就业状况、家庭年收入、自评健康状况和患慢性病情况是农村老年人卫生服务利用的影响因素。结论:城乡老年人卫生服务需求与利用存在不匹配,农村老年人卫生服务需求满足缺口较大。Objective: To understand the demand and utilization of healthcare for older adults in urban and rural areas of Yichang city, Hubei province, so as to provide scientific advice for health policy planning and resource allocation. Methods: Using multi-stage stratified random sampling, we conducted a questionnaire survey among the senior citizens aged 65 and above in Xiling district and Dangyang county in Yichang city. T test, chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The two-week prevalence rates among older adults in urban and rural areas were 10.8% and 63.4%, respectively. The two-week visiting rates were 54.4% and 14.7%, respectively. The hospitalization rates in the past year were 33.3% and 27.5%, respectively. The main source of income, the time required to go to the nearest medical institution, self-assessed health and the condition of chronic diseases were the influencing factors of the healthcare demand for the older adults in urban areas. VAS score and the condition of chronic disease were the influencing factors of the healthcare utilization for the older adults in urban areas. Age, VAS score and chronic disease status were the influencing factors of the healthcare utilization for the older adults in urban areas. Employment status, family annual income, self-assessed health and chronic disease status were the influencing factors of the healthcare utilization for the older adults in rural areas. Conclusion: There is a mismatch between the demand and utilization of in urban and rural areas, and there is a large gap in meeting the needs of healthcare for the older adults in rural areas.

关 键 词：卫生服务需求 卫生服务利用 老年人 影响因素 宜昌 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]