不同专项训练对越野滑雪优秀男子运动员身体机能的影响—–基于血液生化指标监控  

The effect of different special training on the physical performance of elite male athletes in cross-country skiing:Based on blood biochemical index monitoring

作　　者：孙志宏 张蓓 张妍[1] 费雅琪 裘琴儿[1] SUN Zhihong;ZHANG Bei;ZHANG Yan;FEI Yaqi;QIU Qin’er(School of Sports Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;China Winter Sports Administration,General Administration of Sport of China,Beijing 100763,China;Olympic Games Preparation Office of China Olympic Committee,Beijing 100763,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学体育学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]国家体育总局冬季运动管理中心,北京100763 [3]中国奥委会奥运备战办公室,北京100763

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（理工版）》2022年第3期115-120,共6页Journal of Ningbo University：Natural Science and Engineering Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项课题(2020YFF0304605)。

摘　　要：为探究不同专项训练对国家越野滑雪优秀男子运动员身体机能状态的影响,运用实地跟踪法对13名国家越野滑雪男子运动员在2020年由陆地转为雪地8周训练期间的血液生化指标进行监控,分析运动员进入滑雪训练前、后的滑轮(4周)与滑雪专项训练(4周)的负荷特征,从而对运动员身体机能状态进行评定.结果表明,滑轮训练4周与2周相比,RBC、HGB、BU与CK均呈现不同程度的上升,WBC、T、C与T/C出现了下降;滑雪训练中,WBC、RBC、HGB、T、C与T/C在4周后都有不同程度的上升,而BU与CK出现了下降.对比滑轮与滑雪两项专项训练在各个血液指标之间的变化发现,均具有显著性差异(P<0.01或P<0.05),它们在一定程度上都有利于促进运动员身体机能状态的提高以及运动能力的增强.The current study was carried out to explore the effect of different special training on the physical fitness status of Chinese elite male cross-country skiers.The blood biochemical parameters of 13 male national cross-country skiers were monitored with the field tracking method during 8 weeks of training,when they switched from land to snow training in 2020.The training load characteristics of the athletes were analyzed during rollerblade-specific training(4 weeks)and ski-specific training(4 weeks),in order to evaluate the athletes’physical performance.Compared with 2 weeks of roller-skiing training,4 weeks of roller-skiing training produced a significant increase in RBC,HGB,BU and CK,a significant decrease in WBC,T,C and T/C.Compared with roller-skiing,the skiing training produced a significant increase in WBC,RBC,HGB,T,C and T/C and a significant decrease in BU and CK.The results reveal that roller-skiing and skiing are two types of special training that are both capable of improving the physical fitness and athletic ability of the athletes.

关 键 词：越野滑雪 专项训练 血液生化指标 监控 身体机能 

分 类 号：G863.14[文化科学—体育训练]