发光细菌法评价坯革生态安全性的毒性参照物替代及应用  

Substitution and Application of Toxicity Reference Substance for Evaluating the Ecological Safety of Leather by Luminescent Bacteria

作　　者：何发明 彭良琼 隆汶君 张文华[1,2] HE Faming;PENG Liangqiong;LONG Wenjun;ZHANG Wenhua(Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineer of Ministry of Education,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《皮革科学与工程》2022年第3期13-17,共5页Leather Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21776185);国家重点研发项目(2017YFB0308503)。

摘　　要：针对发光细菌法常用的毒性测试参照物氯化汞,选取毒性较小的锌盐作为参比物质替代,研究了SO_(4)^(-)和Cl^(-)对锌的形态分布、稳定性以及毒性的影响。结果表明,在水溶液中,无机阴离子对锌的形态分布影响较小;在毒性测试的3%NaCl介质中,虽然硫酸锌形态成分较氯化锌多,但在pH 1~8范围内组成恒定,主要为65%的Zn^(2+)和25%的[ZnCl]^(+)。硫酸锌存放稳定性更好,而氯化锌易吸湿;硫酸锌对发光细菌的EC_(50)值为1.23 mg/L,大于氯化锌的EC_(50)值0.92 mg/L,毒性更低。最后,以硫酸锌为参比物,评价了常见鞣剂鞣制坯革的生态安全性,根据现有法令关于危废的综合毒性指标,发现所有皮坯都可归属为普通废弃物,但铬比有机鞣剂更影响鞣制皮坯的生态安全性。HgCl^(-)was commonly used as toxicity reference substance in the luminescent bacteria test.In this paper,low toxic zinc salts were used as a substitution by studying the effects of SO_(4)^(-)and Cl^(-)on the species distribution,stability and toxicity of Zn^(2+).The results showed that in aqueous solution,inorganic anions had little effect on the species of zinc.In 3%NaCl medium of the toxicity test,more Zn^(2+)species in zinc sulfate was observed.Nevertheless,the content remained constant mainly 65%Zn^(2+)and 25%[ZnCl]^(+)in the pH range of 1-8.Zinc sulfate had better storage stability,while zinc chloride was easy to absorb moisture.The EC_(50)value of zinc sulfate was 1.23 mg/L greater than 0.92 mg/L of zinc chloride.Finally,using zinc sulfate as a reference,the ecological safety of leather tanned by common tanning agents was evaluated.The results showed that all leather samples satisfied the comprehensive toxicity threshold as common waste.However,chromium affected the ecological safety of tanned leather to some extent compared with organic tanning agents.

关 键 词：发光细菌 参比物质 硫酸锌 坯革 生态性评价 

分 类 号：TS57[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]