目标树生长空间释放对云南松生长及其器官和土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Spatial Release of Objective Trees on Growth Involved Nutrients of Pinus yunnanensis and Soil

作　　者：李俞鑫 李莲芳[1] 合金鑫 姜若超 黄孝杰 王姝茜 刘畅[1] Li Yuxin;Li Lianfang;He Jinxin;Jiang Ruochao;Huang Xiaojie;Wang Shuqian;Liu Chang(Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,昆明650224

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第4期32-39,73,共9页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0600504-1)。

摘　　要：为了解目标树生长空间释放对云南松人工中龄林目标树生长、土壤和林木器官养分特征等的影响,采用单因素试验设计对滇中16年生云南松人工林开展目标树不同自由生长空间(FTG)释放(1~4个)方向的试验研究。试验开展1 a后,目标树胸径、树高及材积增长率分别为5.5%~10.4%、2.7%~7.7%和17.4%~23.9%,胸径和材积增长率极显著高于对照(3.0%和12.5%;P<0.01)。林下0~20 cm土壤层密度、含水率、pH值、有效N、P和K受生长空间释放影响较大;20~40 cm的以上指标受生长空间释放影响较小。生长空间释放后,不同处理间目标树针叶中C、P和K具有极显著差异(P<0.01),N具有显著差异(P<0.05);根系中C无显著变化(P>0.05),P和K达到极显著水平,N呈现显著差异。生长空间释放对针叶和根系w(C)∶w(N)、w(N)∶w(P)均无显著影响,对针叶w(C)∶w(P)、w(C)∶w(K)具有极显著的差异影响,并显著影响根系的此2项指标。研究的云南松目标树针叶和根系的w(N)∶w(P)<14,生长主要受土壤N的限制。目标树生长随空间释放方向的增加而增加,符合生长速率假说和生态化学计量学理论。综合土壤理化特征、目标树生长及其针叶和根系生态化学特征,云南松中龄林目标树生长空间以4个方向全面释放对林木生长最为有效,其可应用于生产实践。In order to understand the effects of spatial release of objective trees(OTs) on the growth of the OTs in the middle-aged Pinus yunnanensis plantation, with nutrient characteristics of the soil and OT organs, a single factor trial design was used to study the different directions(1-4) of free to growth(FTG) release of the OTs for a 16-year-old P. yunnanensis plantation in Central Yunnan. One year after the trial implemented, the growth rates of diameters at breast height(DBH), thee heights(THs) and timber volumes(TV) of the OTs for trial treatments(TTs) were 5.5%-10.4%, 2.7%-7.7% and 17.4%-23.9%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control(3.0% and 12.5%;P<0.01). The bulk densities(BD), moisture contents(MC), pH value, available N, P and K of 0-20 cm soil layer under the forests of the TTs were greatly affected by the release of the FTG;the above parameters of 20-40 cm soil layer of the TTs were less affected by the release of the FTG. After the growth space was released, the C, P and K of target needles were significantly different among different treatments, while the N was significantly different(P<0.05). There was no significant change in C in roots(P>0.05), but N, P and K reached extremely significant levels, and N showed significant difference. C∶N and N∶P of needles and roots were not significantly affected by growth space release, but C∶P and C∶K of needles were significantly affected by growth space release. The N∶P of needles and roots was less than 14 of P. yunnanensis OTs, indicating that the growth is mainly limited by soil N. The growth of the OTs was increased with the increase of spatial release direction, which accords with the growth rate hypothesis and eco-stoichiometry theory. Based on the physical and chemical characteristics of soil, OT growth and the eco-stoichiometry characteristics of OT needles and roots, it was the most effective to the OT growth with fully FTG released in four directions in a middle-aged P. yunnanensis forest, which could be applie

关 键 词：云南松 目标树 自由生长空间 土壤理化性质 生态化学计量 

分 类 号：S753.7[农业科学—森林经理学]