除草剂和种衣剂对东北森林土壤微生物群落功能的影响  

Effects of Herbicides and Seed Coating Agents on the Metabolic Function of Soil Microbial Communities in Forest Soils of Northeast China

作　　者：许博涛 王璐[1] 田蓓 李媛媛[1] 孙广玉[1] Xu Botao;Wang Lu;Tian Bei;Li Yuanyuan;Sun Guangyu(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第4期66-73,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41701289)。

摘　　要：于2020年8月份,在试验地——哈尔滨市城市林业示范基地(44°4′~46°40′N,125°42′~130°10′E)选取3块样地,每块样地随机设置3个5 m×5 m的样方,每个样方按对角线法选取5个样点,分别采集0~20 cm土层的非根际土土样。选用乙草胺-莠去津除草剂、精甲霜灵咯菌腈种衣剂,设置7个试验组:未添加种衣剂和除草剂的对照组、添加质量分数为5 mg/kg的乙草胺-莠去津除草剂、添加质量分数为10 mg/kg的乙草胺-莠去津除草剂、添加质量分数为0.5 mg/kg的精甲霜灵咯菌腈种衣剂、添加质量分数为1.0 mg/kg的精甲霜灵咯菌腈种衣剂、质量分数为5 mg/kg的乙草胺-莠去津和质量分数为0.5 mg/kg的精甲霜灵咯菌腈混合施用、质量分数为10 mg/kg的乙草胺-莠去津和质量分数为1.0 mg/kg的精甲霜灵咯菌腈混合施用,分别对采集的土样进行喷施处理。在设计的培养时间内,测算香农多样性指数(Shannon index)、辛普森多样性指数(Simpson index)、均匀度指数(McIntosh index);应用Biolog-Eco微平板培养技术、单因素方差分析、主成分分析、相似百分比分析等方法,分析除草剂、种衣剂以及二者混合施用对东北森林土壤微生物群落代谢特征的影响。结果表明:质量分数为10 mg/kg的乙草胺-莠去津除草剂提高了土壤微生物的平均颜色变化率和微生物代谢多样性指数,种衣剂以及种衣剂和除草剂混合施用降低了土壤微生物的平均颜色变化率和多样性指数,说明质量分数为10 mg/kg的乙草胺-莠去津除草剂对土壤微生物产生了一定的促进作用;质量分数为5 mg/kg的除草剂和质量分数为0.5 mg/kg的种衣剂以及两者混合施用,均对土壤微生物产生了一定的毒害作用。主成分分析表明,除草剂和混合施用处理与对照间的微生物群落功能多样性差异显著,种衣剂处理与对照间差异不显著。碳源利用分析结果表明,各处理对土壤微生物碳源利用�In August 2020,we selected three sample plots from the experimental site of Harbin Urban Forestry Demonstration Base(44°4′-46°40′N,125°42′-130°10′E),each sample plot is randomly set with three 5 m×5 m quadrat,selected five sample points for each quadrat according to the diagonal method,and collected non rhizosphere soil samples of 0-20 cm soil layer,respectively.Acetochlor atrazine herbicide and metalaxyl acetonitrile seed coating agent were selected,and seven experimental groups were set up:Control group without seed coating agent and herbicide,adding acetochlor atrazine herbicide with mass fraction of 5 mg/kg,adding acetochlor atrazine herbicide with mass fraction of 10 mg/kg,adding 0.5 mg/kg of metalaxyl-fludioxonil seed coating agent,adding 1.0 mg/kg metalaxyl-fludioxonil seed coating agent,acetochlor atrazine with a mass fraction of 5 mg/kg and metalaxyl-fludioxonil with 0.5 mg/kg were added for mixed application,acetochlor atrazine with 10 mg/kg and metalaxyl-fludioxonil with 1.0 mg/kg were added for mixed application,spray the collected soil samples,respectively.Shannon diversity index,Simpson diversity index and McIntosh index were calculated within the designed cultivation time.The effects of herbicide,seed coating agent and their mixed application on the metabolic characteristics of forest soil microbial community in Northeast China were analyzed by using Biolog eco microplate culture technology,one way ANOVA,principal component analysis and simper analysis.The results showed that acetochlor atrazine herbicide with 10 mg/kg increased the average color change rate and microbial metabolic diversity index of soil microorganisms,and seed coating agent and mixed application of seed coating agent and herbicide decreased the average color change rate and diversity index of soil microorganisms,indicating that acetochlor atrazine herbicide with 10 mg/kg had a certain promoting effect on soil microorganisms.The herbicide with 5 mg/kg,the seed coating agent with 0.5 mg/kg and their mixed application h

关 键 词：除草剂 种衣剂 森林土壤 土壤微生物 碳源利用 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]