差异供应链结构下新能源电动汽车换电模式定价策略  

Pricing Strategy of New Energy Electric Vehicle Battery Swapping Mode under Differential Supply Chain Structure

作　　者：卢志平[1,2] 姚逸飞 陆成裕 LU Zhi-ping;YAO Yi-fei;LU Cheng-yu(School of Economic and Management,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545006,China;Research Center for High-quality Industrial Development of Guangxi,Liuzhou 545006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学经济与管理学院,广西柳州545006 [2]广西工业高质量发展研究中心,广西柳州545006

出　　处：《系统工程》2022年第2期27-37,共11页Systems Engineering

基　　金：国家社科规划基金资助项目(18XGL006)。

摘　　要：在新能源电动汽车换电模式背景下,分析换电模式供应链结构差异,并据此构建三种不同权力结构的供应链博弈模型,探讨了消费者平均电池租赁时长与研发成本分担比例对双方利润、换电技术研发水平的影响。研究发现:(1)制造商与运营商的利润并不依赖供应链主导权;(2)消费者平均电池租赁时长的增长能够促进换电模式的发展,而换电模式的发展更有利于运营商;但是运营商在消费者平均租赁时长较低时电池成本投入大于电池租赁营收,存在一定的投资风险;(3)为避免研发成本分担比例过低导致的“搭便车”行为,双方存在一个合理的研发成本谈判空间;(4)合作情形下,运营商利润、市场需求、换电技术研发水平都将达到最优,说明合作情形最有利于促进换电模式的应用与推广。Under the background of new energy electric vehicle battery swapping mode»three supply chain game models with different power structures are established,which is based on the analysis on the difference of supply chain structure in battery swapping mode.To discuss the influences of the consumers'average battery rental duration,R&D cost share proportion on the profits of both parties and the R&D level of battery swapping technology.The results show that:(1)The profits of manufacturers and operators do not depend on the dominance of the supply chain;(2)The increase in consumers'average battery rental duration can promote the development of battery swapping mode,and the development of battery swapping mode is more beneficial to operators;however,when the consumers'average battery rental duration is low,the operator's investment in battery costs is greater than its revenue,which results in a certain investment risk;(3)In order to avoid"free-riding"behavior caused by a low R&D cost sharing ratio,there is reasonable room for negotiation between both parties:(4)In the case of cooperation,operator's profits,market demand,and the level of research and development of battery swapping technology will reach the optimal situation,which indicates that cooperative situation is the best way to promote the application and popularization of battery swapping mode.

关 键 词：换电模式 新能源汽车 电池租赁 供应链 权力结构 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济]