地下厂房顶拱开挖光面爆破试验研究  

Experimental Study on Smooth Blasting of Roof Arch Excavation of Underground Powerhouse

作　　者：杨仕杰 杨玉银 Yang Shijie;Yang Yuyin(Power China Municipal Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建市政建设集团有限公司,天津300384

出　　处：《陕西水利》2022年第4期152-155,159,共5页Shaanxi Water Resources

摘　　要：为解决某水电站地下厂房中导洞顶拱开挖光面爆破效果差、半孔率低、平整度不好的问题,爆破工程技术人员深入施工现场,查找原爆破方案及钻爆作业过程中存在的问题,分析原方案取得的光爆效果及产生的原因,提出相应的改进思路;通过一系列光面爆破实验,确定合理的光爆参数:周边孔间距45 cm、周边孔抵抗线55 cm~60 cm、孔内装药间隔62.5 cm~66.0 cm、线装药密度120 g/m~135 g/m,同时为整个地下厂房开挖初步确定可供参考的光爆参数。实验结果表明:对于较完整的Ⅲ类以上围岩,只要选择合理的光面爆破参数,精细化钻孔爆破作业,光面爆破半孔率均能达到90%以上,平均径向超挖值均能控制在规范要求范围内。In order to solve the problems of poor smooth blasting effect,low half-porosity and poor flatness in the excavation of the top arch of the pilot hole in the underground powerhouse of a hydropower station.The blasting engineering technicians went deep into the construction site to find the original blasting plan and the problems existing in the drilling and blasting operation.The optical explosion effect and the causes of the original scheme are analyzed,and corresponding improvement ideas are put forward.Through a series of smooth blasting experiments,reasonable blasting parameters are determined.The peripheral hole spacing is 45cm,the peripheral hole resistance line is 55cm~60cm,the charge interval in the hole is 62.5cm~66.0cm,and the line charge density is 120g/m~135g/m.At the same time,the optical explosion parameters for reference are initially determined for the excavation of the entire underground powerhouse.The experimental results show that for relatively complete surrounding rocks of Class III or above,as long as reasonable smooth blasting parameters are selected and drilling and blasting operations are refined,the half porosity of smooth blasting can reach more than 90%.The average radial overcut value can be controlled within the specification requirements.

关 键 词：地下厂房 顶拱开挖 光面爆破 光爆参数 实验研究 

分 类 号：TV523[水利工程—水利水电工程]