基于编辑距离的江苏方言关系计量研究——对江苏70点方言的定量分析  

A Metric Study On the Relationship of Jiangsu(江苏)Dialect Based On Levenshtein Distance——A Quantitative Analysis of 70 Dialects

作　　者：赵志靖[1] ZHAO Zhi-jing(School of Journalism and Communication,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225000,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学新闻与传媒学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《语言研究》2022年第2期47-56,共10页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金一般项目“长三角地区汉语方言语音相似关系计量研究”(18YYB014);北京语言资源高精尖创新中心项目“语言识别理论及语言数量统计的方法论研究”(KYR17018)。

摘　　要：编辑距离被证明是研究西方语言之间关系的有效方法,但东亚语言的研究未有涉及。文章以江苏省的70点方言为研究对象,在Greenhill的研究基础之上,基于Almeida&Braun调音系统计算元辅音间距离,使得编辑距离的每一步编辑操作更加具体且能反映语言学特点;然后以此值修订编辑距离算法的“代价”,计算语音之间的距离,得到语言之间的距离,进而客观地判断方言之间的亲疏/相似关系。结果表明编辑距离的计量研究结果与传统主要根据语音特征的定性研究得到的结果大致相符,而且能够更好地反映出方言的亲疏远近程度以及和整体之间的相互关系,同时有一些新的发现。Levenshtein distance has proved to be effective to measure the language relationship between western languages,whereas East Asian languages have seldom been involved.This paper takes 70 dialects in Jiangsu(江苏)Province as the study object.On the basis of Greenhill’s research,vowels and consonants distances are calculated based on the Almeida&Braun articulation-based system,which enable each step editing operation of Levenshtein distance to adopt a distance that is more nuanced and can reflect the linguistic characteristics.Sound distances are calculated by revising the operation cost of the Levenshtein distance algorithm,thus language distances are obtained.Then the relationship of dialects is objectively judged by the language distances.The results show that the results of the quantitative study of editing distance are basically consistent with the results of the traditional qualitative study mainly based on the phonetic characteristics,and can better reflect the degree of the genetic affinity of dialects and the relationship between dialects and the whole.At the same time,there are some new findings.

关 键 词：编辑距离 江苏方言 计量研究 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]