禁与不禁:洪良浩、纪昀书信与清朝、朝鲜对西方基督教文化的取舍之道  

Prohibition or Non-prohibition:The Letters of Hong Yang-ho and Keui Kyoon and the Way of Choosing Western Christian Culture in Qing Dynasty and Korea

作　　者：石建国 Shi Jianguo(the School of Marxism,Qingdao University of Science and Technology;the Chinese Society of Korean History)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学马克思主义学院 [2]中国朝鲜史研究会

出　　处：《当代韩国》2021年第4期108-128,F0003,共22页Contemporary Korea

摘　　要：对于18世纪以前的清王朝、朝鲜如何对待西学的问题,洪良浩、纪昀作为朝鲜、中国官僚士大夫中的佼佼者,通过书信提供了自己的观点和看法。这是对于清王朝、朝鲜从现实利益和需要出发走向查禁西学道路的另类阐释和注脚。西方传教士的译介开宗明义地指出这是基督教传播的证据,如同对洪、纪书信选择性的翻译以及误读,都表明了西方传教士强烈的“西方中心主义”心态。洪、纪书信呈现的西学观,既是历史问题,又是现实问题;既是文化问题,又是政治问题;既是信仰问题,又是社会发展问题。诸多因素交织汇集,归结起来就是东西方文化关系问题。以古老封建农业社会的文化,去对抗已换上资本主义马甲的西方基督教文化,先进与落后已然可分,结论就是落后就要挨打。东方社会要重回正轨、焕发新生,摆脱被殖民奴役的命运,就只能依靠更先进的文化的浸染和开辟前进的道路。In the 18 th century before the Qing dynasty,how did Korea treat the problem of the west?Hong Yang-ho,Keui Kyoon,as Korea,China bureaucracy of scholar-bureaucrat,by letters provided their opinions and views.This is for real interests and needs of the Qing dynasty,Korea from alternative interpretation of western road and footnotes to banned.The translation and introduction of western missionaries,as well as the selective translation and misreading of the letters of Hong Yang-ho and Keui Kyoon,are the evidence of the spread of Christianity,which shows the strong“West-centrism”mentality of western missionaries.The view of western learning presented by the letters of Hong Yang-ho and Keui Kyoon is not only a historical problem,but also a realistic problem,it is a cultural problem as well as a political problem,and it is both a matter of faith and a matter of social development.Many factors interweave and converge,which can be summed up as the cultural relations between the East and the West.With the culture of ancient feudal agricultural society,to fight against the Western Christian culture with the capitalist vest,advanced and backward can already be divided,and the historical conclusion is that backward will be beaten.The only way for eastern society to get back on the right track,to be revitalized and to solve the fate of colonial enslavement is through the immersion of more advanced culture and the opening of the way forward.

关 键 词：洪良浩 纪昀 《教务杂志》 西方传教士 基督教文化 禁教 东西文化关系 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] K312.34[历史地理—中国史] B979[哲学宗教—宗教学]