运输毒品罪死刑裁量的影响因素研究——基于2018-2020年全国运输毒品罪死刑裁判文书的分析  

On the Influencing Factors of Judgment of Death Penalty for the Crime of Drug Transport——Based on the Analysis of the Death Penalty Judgment Documents for the Crime of Drug Transplant in China from 2018 to 2020

作　　者：杨彩霞[1] 禹婷婷 Yang Cai-xia;Yu Ting-ting(School of Law,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学法学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《政法学刊》2021年第6期49-57,共9页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“风险社会背景下行政犯扩张及其适用限缩研究”(19BFX061);华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务经费自由探索项目“网络时代的刑法变革:实践检验、立法调适与教义学反思”(CCNU19A06002)。

摘　　要：在司法实践中,查获毒品种类、查获毒品数量、坦白、认罪认罚、再犯、运输方式、运输起点、案发地点等因素对毒品运输行为人是否被判处死刑具有影响能力;查获毒品种类、查获毒品数量、主体身份、毒品流通、国际贩毒、运输方式、运输次数等因素对毒品运输行为人的死刑执行方式具有影响能力。但是,查获毒品种类的因素影响能力被毒品折算过程稀释而只能间接体现,毒品因素的影响结构在事实上仍然是单一化的。另外,人身危险性因素的实际影响能力与理论预想之间存在差距,社会危害性因素对"死刑圈"和"死缓圈"入圈影响程度的倾向性也存在偏差。为优化运输毒品罪的死刑裁量,应从三方面进行。一是使查获毒品纯度具有影响能力,建构复合型毒品基础性情节考量模式;二是增加"利用公共交通工具随行运输毒品"为从重处罚情节,夯实多元化法定因素影响能力结构;三是提前进行逻辑层次设定,区分同一性裁量因素对两次入圈的影响程度。In judicial practice,factors such as the type of drugs seized,the amount of drugs seized,confession,pleading guilty and accepting punishment,drug recommitment,mode of transportation,starting position of transportation and where the crime is found have the ability to influence whether the drug transporter is sentenced to death.Factors such as the type of drugs seized,the amount of drugs seized,subject identity,drug circulation,international drug trafficking,mode of transportation and frequency of drug transport have the ability to affect the way in which the execution of the death penalty for the perpetrator of drug transport.However,the influencing ability of the type of drugs seized is weakened by the drug quantity conversion process and can only be reflected indirectly.The influence structure of drug factors is still singular in fact.In addition,there is a gap between the actual influencing ability of personal risk factors and theoretical expectations,and the tendency of social harmful factors to affect the degree of influence of "death penalty circle" and " death penalty suspended execution circle " is also something wrong.In order to improve the application of the death penalty for the crime of transporting drugs,the following measures can be taken from three aspects.Firstly,make the purity of the seized drugs have the ability to influence,so as to construct a compound drug basic plot consideration model.Secondly,add "using public transportation to transport drugs" as a heavier punishment scenario,in order to achieve the purpose of consolidating the structure of diversified legal factors affecting capacity.Lastly,set the logical level in advance to distinguish the degree of influence of identity discretionary factors on the two circles.

关 键 词：毒品纯度 运输毒品罪 死刑圈 死缓圈 Logistic模型 

分 类 号：D924.36[政治法律—刑法学]