2011—2021年北京市利什曼病流行情况  

CHARACTERIZATION OF LEISHMANIASIS IN BEIJING FROM 2011 TO 2021

作　　者：吴文婷 王小梅[1] 黎新宇[1] 李旭[1] 任海林[1] 何战英[1] WU Wen-ting;WANG Xiao-mei;LI Xin-yu;LI Xu;REN Hai-lin;HE Zhan-ying(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《寄生虫与医学昆虫学报》2022年第1期9-13,共5页Acta Parasitologica et Medica Entomologica Sinica

摘　　要：分析2011—2021年北京市利什曼病流行情况,为制定北京市利什曼病的防控措施提供依据。对来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统中北京市报告的利什曼病例进行整理,采用Excel 2010和SPSS 20.0建立数据库并进行统计分析。结果显示,2011—2021年,北京市共报告124例利什曼病例,包括1例本地病例,123例输入性病例,其中,输入性病例中83例为内脏利什曼病,40例为皮肤利什曼病。输入性内脏利什曼病例中男女比例为2.32∶1,主要集中在5岁以下儿童及40~49岁2个年龄段,病例职业以散居儿童、农民和家务及待业为主;均为境内外省输入病例,主要来源地为山西和甘肃;内脏利什曼病例的发病时间无明显季节性,从发病到确诊的时间中位数为62 d,出现发热的占比最大(74/83,89.2%),其次是肝脾肿大(28/83,33.7%)、乏力(17/83,20.5%)和贫血(16/83,19.3%)。输入性皮肤利什曼病例中男女比例为19∶1,主要集中在30~49岁,病例职业以干部职员、工人和商业服务为主,均为境外输入病例,主要来源国家为伊拉克;皮肤利什曼病例的发病时间亦无明显季节性,从发病到确诊的时间中位数为91.5 d,主要症状为皮肤溃疡和皮疹。结果表明,北京市利什曼病主要以境内外省输入和境外输入为主,2021年首次出现本地病例,应加强对利什曼病例的监测工作。To analyze the epidemic characters of leishmaniasis cases in Beijing from 2011 to 2021.The information of leishmaniasis cases reported in Beijing from 2011 to 2021 in the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System was collected and analyzed with statistical software SPSS 20.0.A total of 124 cases of leishmaniasis was reported in Beijing during 2011 to 2021,including 1 local visceral leishmaniasis case and 123 imported cases.Among the imported leishmaniasis cases,there were 83 cases of visceral leishmaniasis and 40 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis.The former visceral leishmaniasis cases were demonstrated with 2.32∶1 male to female ratio and age distribution mainly in children under 5 years old and 40-49 years old whose occupations were found scattered children,farmers,housework and unemployed.The onset time of the imported visceral leishmaniasis cases had no obvious seasonality,and the median time from onset to diagnosis was 62 days.Fever accounted for the largest proportion(74/83,89.2%),followed by hepatosplenomegaly(28/83,33.7%),fatigue(17/83,20.5%)and anemia(16/83,19.3%).These visceral leishmaniasis cases were imported from other provinces,such as Shanxi and Gansu,of China.Whereas,all the 40 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were found imported from foreign countries,mainly from Iraq,with male to female ratio as 19∶1,and age distribution at 30-49 years old,and their occupations were mainly cadres,workers and commercial services.The onset time of these cutaneous leishmaniasis cases was also demonstrated unseasonal with skin ulcers and rashes as clinical signs and its median time from onset to diagnosis was 91.5 days.Since local case appeared in Beijing in 2021,the surveillance of leishmaniasis cases in Beijing should be accordingly strengthened.

关 键 词：内脏利什曼病 皮肤利什曼病 流行情况 

分 类 号：R531.6[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]