基于倾斜摄影的野马滩大桥震害位移评价  

Oblique photography modeling displacement estimation of Yematan Bridges

作　　者：张昊宇[1,2] 黄勇 汪云龙[1,2] 管仲国 绽蓓蕾[4] 蔡丽雯 ZHANG Haoyu;HUANG Yong;WANG Yunlong;GUAN Zhongguo;ZHAN Beilei;CAI Liwen(Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation,Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin 150080,China;College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Qinghai Earthquake Agency,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [3]同济大学土木工程学院,上海200092 [4]青海省地震局,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《地震工程与工程振动》2022年第2期89-103,共15页Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics

基　　金：中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(2019B12);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51108433)。

摘　　要：2021年5月22日青海玛多M_(s)7.4级地震中,野马滩1号、2号大桥结构严重震损,导致共玉高速交通中断。这是较为典型的近断层简支梁桥震害,为全面记录和保存震害信息,采用无人机倾斜摄影测量方法构建了两座大桥的精细震害三维模型。与上行线施工图对比显示,模型一致性较高。结合三维模型的关键尺寸与桥梁构件几何关系,量化分析了两座桥各主梁纵向与横向震致残余位移。结果表明,所有主梁的纵向残余位移以北向为主,反映了大桥遭遇了显著的近场脉冲地震动效应。1号桥的纵向位移平均值大于2号桥;1号桥70%主梁脱落,其纵向位移由北至南围绕位移均值波动变化;2号桥上行线南部6跨主梁落梁,其纵向位移由北至南逐渐增大。两座大桥的横向位移沿纵向呈现波动变化,有一定随机性,且绝大多数盖梁两侧混凝土挡块均严重损伤,反映了在与地震断裂带平行的东西方向上,大桥受到的往复地震动作用较为显著。基于模型量测桥墩间距差对桥墩倾斜移位进行了初步估计,结果表明少数桥墩可能出现倾斜或移位。大桥震害三维模型和位移数据可为大桥震害分析、仿真模拟和修复策略提供技术支撑。Yematan No.1 and No.2 bridges were seriously damaged in Qinghai Maduo M7.4 earthquake on May 22,2021,caused traffic disruption of the Gongyu Expressway.It is a typical near folt damage case of simply supported beam bridge.In order to record the seismic damage,accurated 3D models of the two damaged bridges are built up by oblique photography technology.Comparison shows that the 3D models match well with the construction drawings of the up track bridges.Longitudinal displacement and transversal drift of every beam are obtained by size measurement and geometrical relationship of the bridge models.It shows that all the beams drift north,due to the near-fault pulse ground motions.Longitudinal displacement of the beams of No.1 Yematan Bridge is bigger than that of No.2 Yematan Bridge.For No.1 Yematan Bridge,70%beams have fallen off,of which the longitudinal displacement fluctuates around the mean value from north to south.For No.2 Yematan Bridge,6 beams in the south have fallen off,of which the longitudinal displacement gradually increases from north to south.Transversal drifts of the beams of the two bridges are randomly fluctuating,and most stops at both sides of the bent caps are damaged seriously,indicating that in parallel direction to the rupture,the bridges are subjected to reciprocating action during the earthquake.Inclina⁃tion and drift displacement of the piers are calculated according to the span difference.Several piers are suspected of being slightly sloping.It can be reference to the seismic evaluation and numerical simulation analysis of the bridges.

关 键 词：玛多7.4级地震 野马滩大桥 倾斜摄影 三维模型 震害位移 

分 类 号：U442.55[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]