含盐度对水中大功率脉冲放电电极的烧蚀影响  

Effect of salinity on electrode erosion of high power pulsed discharge in water

作　　者：康忠健[1] 聂云良 王聪[1] 邵在康 KANG Zhongjian;NIE Yunliang;WANG Cong;SHAO Zaikang(Department of New Energy China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China;Shenyang Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of ME,Shenyang 110031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)新能源学院,山东青岛266580 [2]应急管理部沈阳消防研究所,辽宁沈阳110031

出　　处：《电气应用》2022年第4期71-76,共6页Electrotechnical Application

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05034004)页岩气勘查评价技术试验与应用推广。

摘　　要：为研究不同含盐度对水中脉冲放电电极的烧蚀影响,研制了水中脉冲放电实验装置,装置分为地面电源系统、铠装电缆与脉冲放电系统,最高脉冲放电电压可达18 kV。基于实验平台开展了水中含盐度0‰、10‰和20‰条件下阳极的烧蚀程度对比,并记录了不同含盐度下的放电电压、电流波形。结果表明:当脉冲电容电压一定时,含盐度对水间隙与空气开关的能量分配有较大影响。含盐度越高,则在预击穿阶段的泄漏电流和消耗的能量就越高,导致主放电阶段释放的能量降低,形成的冲击波强度变弱;水中含盐度越高,则阳极表面的烧蚀斑点直径越小,阳极的烧蚀速率越低;采用SEM电镜观察了单个烧蚀斑点的形貌,解释了造成特殊烧蚀形貌的原因。To study the effect of salinity on electrode erosion character of pulse discharge in water,an underwater pulse discharge device was developed including power system,armored cable and pulse discharge system.The highest pulse voltage of the device is 18 kV.The erosion degree and current waveform were obtained with the salinity of 0‰,10‰ and 20‰ conditions.The experiment results show that if the pulse capacitor voltage is constant,the salinity has a great influence on the energy distribution between water gap and air switch.The higher the salinity,the higher the leakage current and energy consumption in the pre-breakdown stage,resulting in the reduction of the energy released in the main discharge stage and the weakening of the shock wave intensity.The higher the salinity in the water,the smaller the ablation spot diameter on the anode surface and the lower ablation rate of the anode.The morphology of single ablation spot was observed by SEM which explain the reason for the special ablation morphology.

关 键 词：水中脉冲放电 电极烧蚀 等离子体 钨铜合金 含盐度 液电效应 

分 类 号：O461.25[理学—电子物理学]