基于线性无关矩阵的按需解锁硬件混淆方法  

Method of Unlock-on-Demand Hardware Obfuscation Based on Linear Independent Matrix

作　　者：汪鹏君 叶顺心[2] 张跃军 张会红[2] WANG Peng-jun;YE Shun-xin;ZHANG Yue-jun;ZHANG Hui-hong(College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035,China;Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学电气与电子工程学院,浙江温州325035 [2]宁波大学信息科学与工程学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《电子学报》2022年第3期703-709,共7页Acta Electronica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61874078,No.61871244);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFB2202100);宁波市公益性计划项目(No.202002N3134)。

摘　　要：硬件混淆是一种通过定向修改软核、固核或硬核的芯片保护方法,已成为当前芯片安全领域的研究热点.本文针对多个硬件IP(Intellectual Property)核按需解锁安全保护,提出一种基于线性无关矩阵的按需解锁硬件混淆方案.该方案首先利用线性无关矩阵算法,生成可隔离外部输入密钥与内部解锁信号的随机矩阵;然后采用冗余和黑洞状态组合混淆技术,对IP核进行加密;最后根据用户需求,通过矩阵乘运算实现按需解锁.在SMIC 65 nm CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)工艺下,采用ITC(International Test Conference)基准电路和密码算法IP核实现硬件混淆.实验结果表明,所设计电路具有多IP核按需解锁功能,额外的面积和功耗开销均小于8%,且能有效防御寄存器翻转攻击、代码覆盖率攻击以及成员泄密攻击.Hardware obfuscation is a method of chip protection through targeted modification of soft core,solid core or hard core.It has become a research hotspot in the field of chip security.In order to unlock multiple hardware IP cores on demand and improve their security,an unlock-on-demand hardware obfuscation scheme based on the linear inde⁃pendent matrix is proposed in this paper.Firstly,by using the linear independent matrix algorithm,the scheme generates a randomized matrix to isolate the external input key and internal unlock signal.Secondly,it encrypts multiple IP cores based on a combination of redundant and black-hole states obfuscation technologies.Finally,according to users’needs,it unlocks chip on demand through matrix multiplication.By using the SMIC 65 nm CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)process,the ITC(International Test Conference)reference circuit and encryption algorithm IP core are im⁃plemented for the proposed hardware obfuscation design.The experimental results have shown that the designed circuit has the advantages of unlock-on-demand,low additional area and power consumption(both less than 8%),and effective defenses against code coverage attacks,register flip attacks and member leakage attacks.

关 键 词：线性无关矩阵 冗余和黑洞状态 按需解锁 硬件安全 

分 类 号：TP331[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]