“萨尔普遍史”的中国历史建构与欧洲近代学术转型  

Construction of Chinese History in Sale’s Universal History and Modern Academic Transformation in Europe

作　　者：张一博 Zhang Yibo

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院历史理论研究所

出　　处：《江海学刊》2022年第2期172-184,256,共14页Jianghai Academic Journal

摘　　要：16世纪以来,随着传教士进入中国,大量有关中国的作品在欧洲涌现。基于圣经的历史书写传统遭受冲击,如何将中国历史整合进世界历史中,成为当时学者们所关切的问题。其中,由英国多位学者在18世纪集体编纂的《普遍史》(Universal History)也处于这一思潮之中。他们将中国上古历史与圣经叙事相比附,协调中国上古史与圣经编年的矛盾,以解决欧洲思想内部危机;通过讨论中国宗教,为基督教在中国传播提供合法性。该书出版后,在知识界曾风靡一时,“萨尔普遍史”中所塑造的中国形象在西方影响深远。Since the 16th century,western missionaries have entered into the inland of China.A large number of accounts about China have mushroomed in Europe,and the tradition of writing world history based on the Bible came under attack.How to integrate the Chinese knowledge into a new pattern of world history had become a common concern of scholars at that time.Among them,the multi-volume of Universal History,compiled by British amateurish historians,was an example of this trend.To harmonize ancient Chinese history with Bible chronology,they made an analogy between ancient Chinese history and the Bible narrative,and provided legitimacy for the spread of Christianity in China by discussing Chinese religions.When published in England,Universal History had enjoyed a great reputation among members of the republic of letters.Therefore,the image of China in Universal History,has a profound influence among the intelligentsia.

关 键 词：萨尔普遍史 中国上古历史 圣经编年 中国宗教 

分 类 号：B978[哲学宗教—宗教学] K107[历史地理—历史学] K091[历史地理—世界史]