人工智能在公安行政执法中的应用、风险及其规制  

Application,Risk and Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in Public Security Administrative Law Enforcement

作　　者：李飞达 LI Fei-da(People’s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100083

出　　处：《北京警察学院学报》2022年第1期21-28,共8页Journal of Beijing Police College

基　　金：中国人民公安大学基本科研业务费智库项目“基于‘成果导向’的公安院校实战化教学改革研究”(项目编号:2021JKF313);公安部公安理论及软科学研究计划项目“基于OBE模式的公安执法实战化教学改革路径研究”(项目编号:2020LLYJGADX019)。

摘　　要：伴随着人工智能技术在公安执法中的深度应用,人工智能与警务工作逐渐融合,公安机关在行政执法中出现了以警务数据为应用基础、以智能算法为应用驱动、以智能设备为应用实现的技术逻辑,在日常的工作中呈现出行政处罚智能化、行政命令信息化、行政许可智能化的形式。然而,由于人工智能技术所存在的自反性,也产生了信息安全、道德问题、行政物化以及法律法规不健全等风险。基于人工智能技术与相关法律的规制,以信息保护、设定工作权限范围、减少对人工智能技术依赖以及健全相关的法律规定等方面为出发点,应通过完善个人信息安全保障措施、明确人工智能在公安执法领域的工作权限范围、减少对人工智能技术的依赖、健全相关法律规定等进行优化。With the in-depth application of artificial intelligence technology in public security law enforcement,artificial intelligence and police work have gradually merged.Emerging in the process of public security organs’administrative law enforcement,is the technical logic,which is based on police data,driven by intelligent algorithms,and realized by intelligent devices.In their daily work,they present the forms of intelligent administrative punishment,informationization of administrative orders and intelligent administrative licensing.However,due to the reflexivity of artificial intelligence technology,there are also such risks as information security,moral problems,administrative materialization and incomplete laws and regulations.Based on the regulation of artificial intelligence technology and relevant laws,this paper puts forward some optimization paths and methods from the aspects of information protection,setting the scope of work authority,reducing dependence on artificial intelligence technology and perfecting relevant laws and regulations.

关 键 词：人工智能 行政执法 公安机关 

分 类 号：D922.14[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]