时空维度拓展的河相关系研究进展  

Progresses of hydraulic geometry study regarding the extension of spatiotemporal dimensions

作　　者：覃超 吴保生[1] 傅旭东[1] 汪舸 QIN Chao;WU Bao-sheng;FU Xu-dong;WANG Ge(State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Bejing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2022年第2期73-80,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51639005,52009061)。

摘　　要：从时间和空间两个维度拓展河相关系理论是当前的研究热点。对多断面河相关系的地貌学意义与表达方式、影响因素和在资料缺乏地区流量估算的应用,以及多频率沿程河相关系的研究成果进行较系统的分析和总结,探讨了多断面河相关系、多频率沿程河相关系,以及山区河流广义河相关系的意义与内涵。多断面河相关系是断面河相关系在河网空间的延伸,多频率沿程河相关系是沿程河相关系在时间维度的延伸,二者均受河流地貌特征影响,并且存在于同一河段与同一流域的不同河段。山区河流间断分布的冲积河段是河相关系理论从平原河流走向山区河流的关注重点,这些河段的河道形态由流域来水来沙塑造,在不同时间和空间维度上存在与一般冲积河流相似的水力几何要素-流量关系,称为山区河流广义河相关系。The extension of hydraulic geometry(HG)theory in account of time and spatial dimensions is introduced.At-many-stations hydraulic geometry(AMHG)and its geomorphological significance,analytical expressions,influencing factors,applications in discharge estimation in data-scared regions and preliminary research results of multi-frequency downstream hydraulic geometry(MFDHG)are summarized.Significance of AMHG and MFDHG are revealed and generalized hydraulic geometry for mountain rivers is proposed.AMHG is the extension of at-a-station hydraulic geometry in account of the spatial distributed river network system.MFDHG is the extension of downstream hydraulic geometry in multiple time scales.AMHG and MFDHG are influenced by fluvial geomorphology and exist along a river reach or in multiple reaches located in the same river basin.Discontinuous distributed alluvial reaches should be paid enough attention when studying HG of mountain rivers.Cross section morphologies located in alluvial reaches are shaped by flowing water and sediment coming from upstream watershed,which show good consistencies between hydraulic elements and discharge in both time and spatial dimensions.The strong HG relationships exist for alluvial reaches of mountain rivers are named as generalized hydraulic geometry.

关 键 词：多断面河相关系 多频率沿程河相关系 广义河相关系 山区河流 流量估算 

分 类 号：TV147.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]