气垫式水下岩塞爆破过渡过程水力特性研究  

Hydraulic characteristics study on transient process of air cushion underwater rock plug blasting

作　　者：陈胜[1] 徐敏杰 孙金辉 张健[1] CHEN Sheng;XU Minjie;SUN Jinhui;ZHANG Jian(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Powerchina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited,Hangzhou 311122,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [2]中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,浙江杭州311122

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期113-118,131,共7页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51879087,51839008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(B210202015)。

摘　　要：基于一维瞬变流理论及气体热力学特性,提出了气垫式水下岩塞爆破的水力过渡过程数值仿真模型,分析了岩塞爆破后在巨大气团及冲击力下的爆破过渡过程水力特性及爆破参数影响规律.结果表明:水库水位、水库-拦污栅井水位差及集渣坑初始水位为气垫式水下岩塞爆破关键参数,均决定了集渣坑内气室的压缩状态及初始压力,且库井水位差越小,水库水位及集渣坑初始水位越高,岩塞爆破后产生的系统冲击压力越大,拦污栅井及闸门井最高水位越高;集渣坑最低水位随库井水位差的减小而降低,但随集渣坑初始水位的升高而升高,提高集渣坑初始水位可避免爆后瞬间气室体积膨胀而导致的气体进入输水管道现象.根据结果对爆破参数提出了合理化建议,为岩塞爆破段的设计及爆破试验提供参考.Based on one-dimensional transient flow and air thermodynamic characteristics,the mathematical model of hydraulic transient of air cushion underwater rock plug blasting was established.The transient behavior and blasting parameters effect were studied.The results show that reservoir water level,reservoir-trash rack well water level difference and initial water level of slag pit are the key blasting parameters,which all determine the compression state and initial pressure of air chamber.The smaller the reservoir-well water level difference and the higher the reservoir water level and initial water level of slag pitar,the greater the system impact pressure is,and the higher the highest water level of trash rack well and gate well are.The lowest water level of slag pit increases with the increase of initial water level of slag pit.Therefore,increasing the initial water level of slag pit can avoid the phenomenon of gas entering water pipeline.Based on the above conclusions,reasonable suggestions on blasting parameters are put forward,and the achievements can provide reference for the design and blasting test of rock plug.

关 键 词：气垫式水下岩塞爆破 水力过渡过程 爆破参数 敏感性分析 水力特性 

分 类 号：TV7[水利工程—水利水电工程]