资金短缺零售商促销下供应链的协调  

Coordination of supply chain with a financially constrained retailer exerting promoting effort

作　　者：代建生[1] 刘新愿 DAI Jiansheng;LIU Xinyuan(Faculty of Management and Economics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学管理与经济学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2022年第3期189-202,共14页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71762021、71861020、71573025)。

摘　　要：在零售商资金短缺且实施促销努力下,本文探讨了零售商的运营策略及供应链的协调问题。本文构造了一个衡量资金稀缺程度的指标,利用这一指标分析了资金稀缺度对零售商订货及促销策略的影响,结果表明:存在一个临界值,当资金稀缺度大于这个临界值时,订货量(促销强度)关于资金稀缺度递增(递减);当资金稀缺度小于临界值时,零售商的策略不随资金稀缺度的变化而变化。本文在允许和不允许单边转移支付两种情形下,分别设计了五种能协调供应链的收益共享和促销成本分担机制,其中供应商分担的促销成本可及时结算或延后结算。如果延后结算促销成本,仅当初始资金大于集中决策下的最优促销成本时,渠道协调才可实现;如果及时结算,则不管资金有多么稀缺,始终有一种契约机制能协调供应链。As is well known,capital shortage affects strategy choice and channel coordination.We discuss supply chain coordination on assumption that the retailer exerts promotion effort and can finance by trade credit only,which is,as a remarkable feature of this paper,different from the existing operation management literature under capital constraints.Trade credit can only alleviate shortage of procurement funds,but cannot overcome shortage of promoting funds.With promotional effort,a cash-constrained retailer′s decision-making on procurement suffers from greater restrictions,and the supply chain coordination is accordingly confronted with greater challenges.We consider a supply chain formed by a single supplier with sufficient funds and a single retailer facing shortage of funds.The supplier provides delaying payment policy and sells newsvendor-like products to the retailer,and the retailer exerts promotion efforts to enhance market demand.In particular,we model demand affected by sales effort as an additive demand model,i.e.,e+ξ,where e indicates market demand increment caused by the promotional effort,andξindicates market stochastic demand without promotional effort.Based upon the demand model,we explore the retailer′s operational strategies and channel coordination in the main body of this paper.However,we as well discuss the possible differences of the conclusions between the additive demand model and the multiplicative demand model.The game between the supplier and the retailer is as follows.At the beginning of the sales period,the retailer promotes and makes use of initial funds to pay the promoting expenses,and the supplier shoulders partially the promoting costs(settlement of the costs can be carried out at the beginning or the end of the sales period).The supplier provides products as required by the retailer′s order and delivers them at the beginning of the sales period.If the retailer is short of funds,it can delay the payment until the end of the period.After the sales revenue is realized,both partie

关 键 词：供应链协调 资金约束 延迟支付 促销 

分 类 号：C931[经济管理—管理学] F274