马克思主编《新莱茵报》第12-13号  

No.12-13 of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung Edited by Marx

作　　者：陈力丹 张月 马嘉悦 邓元宏[3] 孙曌闻 Chen Lidan(Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan,610065)

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院,四川成都610065 [2]四川外国语大学德语学院 [3]河北大学新闻传播学院 [4]中国人民大学新闻学院

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期1-36,共36页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：四川大学专项课题“马克思《新莱茵报》编译与研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1848-1849年马克思和恩格斯创办的《新莱茵报》,是践行《共产党宣言》纲领和策略的第一次辉煌实践,也是马克思主义新闻观的源头。由于历史的原因,2020年以前《新莱茵报》没有被翻译为任何一种德文以外的文字,哪怕是完整的一号报纸。现在本期发表的是其第12-13号(该报共有3次连号出版,这是第一次)中文版,完全按照原版样式编排,尽可能还原报纸版面语言。该报头版头条是马克思亲自撰写的《新莱茵报》发行部征订启事,连续87号如此,展现了马克思强烈的报纸经营意识。在马克思的决断下,报纸的所有内容都体现着特殊的无产阶级性质。本号报纸以生动的事实,揭露了法兰克福国民议会和普鲁士国民议会与王权的妥协,特别是马克思和恩格斯合写的中译文仅203字的《法兰克福议会和柏林议会承认自己有名无实》,单词全部加大字间距(中译文用黑体字显示),凸显编辑部对两个议会的蔑视。同时,还报道了德意志联邦各邦国发生的较为重要的政治、经济事件,以及正在发生的丹麦-德国争夺领土的局部战争(恩格斯撰写了这方面的报道);还有波兰的局势和恩格斯报道的意大利民族统一战争。法国是欧洲革命中所有国家关注的焦点,报纸集中呈现着巴黎资产阶级和无产阶级、共和派和君主派的复杂斗争。英国的新闻,则以工人宪章派与当权者的斗争为主线展开。这号报纸首次报道了亚洲的新闻(印度锡克教起义),此前几号报纸还有美洲(包括墨西哥印第安人)新闻,显示出报纸广阔的国际视野。该号第三、四版双线下的文字为广告。广告栏的长文《关于削减军队财政预算和取消普鲁士军队中的闲职及滥用职权的问题》,虽然不代表编辑部的观点,但显然接近马克思和恩格斯对普鲁士军队改造的设想。分类广告栏,凸显了报纸广告服务的意识。1848年,中国尚不知�The Neue Rheinische Zeitung,founded by Marx and Engels in 1848-1849,was their first brilliant practice in the implementation of the program and strategy of Communist Manifesto and also the source of Marxist view of journalism.For historical reasons,the Neue Rheinische Zeitung had not been translated into any language other than German until 2020,not to say,even a full issue of the newspaper.Now published in this present issue is the Chinese version of No.12-13(first of the three back-to-back issues of the newspaper),laid out exactly as it was originally published,restoring as much as possible the language of the pages of the newspaper.The headline on the front page of the newspaper was the subscription notice of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung,which was written by Marx himself,for 87 consecutive issues,showing Marx’s strong awareness of newspaper management.In Marx’s judgment,all the content of the newspaper embodied a special proletarian character.This issue exposed the compromise between the Frankfurt National Assembly and the Prussian National Assembly and the throne with vivid facts,especially the Chinese translation(in only 203 words)of An Admission of Incompetence by the Assemblies of Frankfurt and Berlin,co-written by Marx and Engels,in which the words were all spaced with increased spacing(the Chinese translation is shown in bold),highlighting the editorial office’s contempt for the two parliaments.At the same time,it also reported more important political and economic events in the states of the German Confederation as well as the ongoing local war between Denmark and Germany for territory(Engels wrote reports in this regard),and the situation in Poland,and the Italian War of National Unification reported by Engels.France was the focus of attention for all the countries in the European revolution,and the newspapers focused on the complex struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat,the republicans and the monarchists in Paris.The news from Britain,on the other hand,unfolded with the struggle be

关 键 词：国民议会 德意志联邦 报纸广告 征订启事 报纸版面 黑体字 新闻源 文字水平 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]