中老年膝骨关节炎患者健康促进生活方式现状及影响因素研究  

Study on health promotion lifestyle and influencing factors in middle-aged and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis

作　　者：张彦奇 赵玉[2] 王品[2] 季红[2] Zhang Yanqi;Zhao Yu;Wang Pin;Ji Hong(Department of Nursing,First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital),Jinan 250014,China;School of Nursing and Rehabilitation,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)护理部,济南250014 [2]山东大学护理与康复学院,济南250012

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2022年第8期593-599,共7页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：济南市科技计划(201907078)。

摘　　要：目的了解中老年膝骨关节炎患者的健康促进生活方式现状, 并基于生物-心理-社会医学模式综合分析其影响因素, 探讨可控因素。方法采用方便抽样法, 选取2020年7—11月在山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)住院的中老年膝骨关节炎患者177例, 采用健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ)评估其健康促进生活方式状况, 采用一般资料调查表、WOMAC骨关节炎指数量表(WOMAC)、膝骨关节炎疾病认知度调查问卷、社会支持量表(SSRS)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和慢性疾病自我效能感量表(CDSES)综合评估其影响因素。结果中老年膝骨关节炎患者的HPLP-Ⅱ总分为(117.52 ± 15.58)分, WOMAC总分为(105.63 ± 31.64)分, 膝骨关节炎疾病认知度调查问卷得分为(14.21 ± 3.23)分, SSRS总分为(38.60 ± 5.18)分, HAMA得分为(7.76 ± 4.41)分, HAMD得分为(6.01 ± 4.54)分, CDSES得分为(33.77 ± 6.04)分。多元线性回归分析显示, 其预测因素包括疾病认知、家庭人均月收入、影像学分级、自我效能、支持利用度、客观支持, 共可解释回归方程71.9%的变异量。结论中老年膝骨关节炎患者的健康促进生活方式得分处于偏低水平, 亟待改善, 受疾病认知、影像学分级、自我效能、社会支持的影响, 医护人员应结合患者的疾病程度和个体化因素进行疾病健康教育, 提升患者的自我效能和社会支持水平, 促使患者采取健康生活方式。Objective To understand the status of health-promoting lifestyle of middle-aged and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis,and to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors based on the biological-psychological-social medicine model,to explore controllable factors.Methods Using convenient sampling method,177 middle-aged and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis who were hospitalized in First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital)from July 2020 to November 2020 were selected for questionnaire survey.The Health Promotion Lifestyle ProfileⅡ(HPLP-Ⅱ)was used to evaluate their health promotion lifestyle status,the influencing factors were measured by general data sheet,Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC),disease recognition questionnaire for knee osteoarthritis patients,Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Self-efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease(CDSES),respectively.Results The total score of HPLP-Ⅱ,the total score of WOMAC,the score of disease recognition questionnaire,the total score of SSRS,the score of HAMA,HAMD,CDSES were(117.52±15.58),(105.63±31.64),(14.21±3.23),(38.60±5.18),(7.76±4.41),(6.01±4.54),(33.77±6.04)points for middle-aged and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors were disease cognition,per capita monthly income,imaging grade,self-efficacy,support utilization,objective support,a total of 71.9%variation of regression equation could be explained.Conclusions Middle-aged and elderly knee osteoarthritis patients health promotion lifestyle score at a low level,to improve,affected by disease cognition,imaging grading,self-efficacy,social support,medical staff should combine the degree of disease and individualized factors for disease health education,improve patients′self-efficacy and social support level,prompting patients to adopt a health

关 键 词：骨关节炎 膝 生物-心理-社会医学模式 健康促进生活方式 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]