中国与墨西哥对美商品贸易关系及趋势分析  

A comparative study on the trade structure of goods between China and Mexico towards the United States

作　　者：曾思敏 王奕婷 Zeng Simin;Wang Yiting(School of economics and management,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621002;Alliance Manchester Business School,University of Manchester,Manchester M139PL)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学经济管理学院,四川绵阳621002 [2]曼彻斯特大学商学院,英国曼彻斯特M139PL

出　　处：《北方经贸》2022年第4期17-23,共7页Northern Economy and Trade

基　　金：教育部国别与区域研究课题(18ss0104);西南科技大学龙山学术人才科研支持计划项目(17LSX507)。

摘　　要：中国和墨西哥都是美国的重要贸易伙伴。比较中国和墨西哥各自对美国商品贸易结构,对中国优化对美商品贸易结构和加强中墨产业合作具有重要意义。本文介绍了中墨两国对美国商品贸易结构,并以显示性比较优势指数、贸易竞争力指数、出口相似度指数及贸易互补性指数,分析了中墨两国对美贸易的互补性和竞争性。研究发现,中墨对美商品出口结构相似度较高,中国在劳动密集型产品上占据绝对竞争优势,但在资源密集型产品上竞争优势远弱于墨西哥。中国需要持续推动产业优化升级,增强资本密集型和技术密集型产品竞争力,促进中墨两国产业链合作。Both China and Mexico are important trading partners of the United States.This article introduces the Current situation of commodity trade of Chinese and Mexican to the United States,and compares the overall competitiveness of Chinese and Mexican markets in the United States with corresponding index.This article holds that China and Mexico’s export structure to the United States has a high degree of coincidence,competition is very intense,not conducive to the sustainable development of trade.Data analysis shows that China has an absolute advantage in labor-intensive products,but its advantage in resource-intensive products is much weaker than that of Mexico.Competition between China and Mexico is particularly fierce in capital-intensive products.The paper also argues that to control competition in the U.S.market with Mexico,a Latin American power,China needs to improve its ability to innovate independently,strengthen capital-intensive products,and strengthen cooperation in the industrial chain.

关 键 词：中美贸易 墨美贸易 商品贸易结构 商品贸易关系 

分 类 号：F724.4[经济管理—产业经济]