战伤急救经皮自给药装置的研制  

Development of transdermal automated drug administration device for first aid to combat casualties

作　　者：程祝强 刘红军 曾永芬 金毅 CHENG Zhu-qiang;LIU Hong-jun;ZENG Yong-fen;JIN Yi(Department of Painology,General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command,Nanjing 210002,China)

机构地区：[1]东部战区总医院疼痛科,南京210002

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2022年第4期35-38,共4页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

基　　金：中央军委后勤保障部队后勤科研计划项目(CNJ16J009)。

摘　　要：目的:研制一种可单兵携带、预装填药物的经皮自给药装置,用于战场单兵止痛、自救互救。方法:该装置由保险装置、驱动装置、药物储存装置和微针装置4个部分组成。其中保险装置采用错位锁扣原理设计,由注射杆和注射弹簧凹槽组成;驱动装置采用弹簧作为动力驱动;药物储存装置为采用高强度塑料制作的类似注射器针筒的储药仓;微针装置由分流结构和微针阵列组成,微针阵列采用圆形排布。根据流体力学伯努利方程和泊肃叶方程进行注射器推进力测试,并对设计的样品装置进行抗冲击及防水性能和皮肤注射测试。结果:注射器推进力测试表明,最佳的注射器针头与注射器针筒大小的组合模式为31G的针头和2 mL的注射器,一共需5个针头。抗冲击及防水性能和皮肤注射测试表明,制作的样品装置可满足军用装备要求的抗压、防水性能,且可在4 s左右完成0.5 mL液体的皮下注射。结论:该装置操作简单、携带方便,能够达到快速给药的目的,可作为战时或平时特殊环境下特需药品的给药载体。Objective To develop a transdermal automated drug administration device that can be carried by a single soldier and has pre-filled pain-relieving drugs for self-and buddy-aid in the battlefield.Methods The device consisted of four mechanisms for safety,driving,drug storage and microneedle.The safety mechanism was designed with the staggered locking principle and composed of an injection rod and an injection spring groove;the driving mechanism used a spring as the power source;the drug storage mechanism was made of high-strength plastic and had a structure similar to a syringe;the microneedle was made up of a shunt mechanism and a microneedle array arranged in a circle.The syringe propulsion force was tested according to Bernoulli and Poiseuille equations of fluid mechanics,and a prototype was developed and underwent the tests for impact,water resistance and skin injection.Results The syringe propulsion force test found the optimal combination(31G syringe needle combined with 2 mL syringe barrel),which required 5 needles in total.Impact,water resistance and skin injection tests showed that the prototype manufactured met the military equipment requirements for pressure and water resistance,and could complete subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mL of liquid in about 4 s.Conclusion The device developed is simple to operate,easy to carry and can achieve the purpose of rapid drug delivery,and can be used as a drug delivery carrier for special needs in wartime or special environments in peacetime.

关 键 词：战伤急救 经皮自给药装置 注射器 镇痛 自救互救 

分 类 号：R826[医药卫生—临床医学]