美国白蜡嫩枝扦插生根特性  

The rooting characteristics of Fraxinus americana softwood cuttings

作　　者：薛满满 常雪薇 李春明 杨立学[1,2] XUE Manman;CHANG Xuewei;LI Chunming;YANG Lixue(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Forestry Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150081,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]黑龙江省林业科学研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第4期40-48,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572020DR05,2572019CP16);黑龙江头雁创新团队计划项目(森林资源高效培育技术研发团队)。

摘　　要：【目的】美国白蜡是营造用材林、防护林和城市绿化的潜在优良树种,具有重要的经济和生态价值。美国白蜡长期以来一直以种子繁殖为主,其幼龄期较长,具有结实间隔性,且种子具有深休眠特性,这在一定程度上影响了美国白蜡的扩繁速度。研究美国白蜡嫩枝扦插快速繁育技术,对推广这一珍贵树种具有重要意义。【方法】以美国白蜡一年生嫩枝为扦插材料,采用L_(18)(3^(7))正交实验设计开展扦插试验,通过方差分析、隶属函数分析阐明扦插基质、枝条部位、生根促进剂种类、质量浓度及处理时间对插穗生根特性的影响。【结果】扦插基质、枝条部位、生根促进剂种类、质量浓度和处理时间都对插穗生根率产生极显著影响,其中生根促进剂质量浓度是影响插穗生根率的最主要的因素;扦插基质对插穗生根数和平均根长影响极显著,而对最大根长影响不显著;枝条部位和生根促进剂浓度对美国白蜡插穗的生根数、最大根长和平均根长的影响都达到了极显著或显著水平;生根促进剂种类对插穗生根数影响显著,对最大根长和平均根长都无显著影响,而生根促进剂处理时间仅对平均根长无显著影响。【结论】采用隶属函数综合评价插穗生根效果,结果表明,5号处理的隶属函数值最大,即选用中部枝条,用150 mg/LNAA浸泡6 h,扦插于粗河沙∶蛭石=3∶1混合基质中生根率最高,达75.56%,且各项根系指标也最佳,是美国白蜡嫩枝扦插的最佳方案。【Objective】Fraxinus americana is a potential excellent tree species for the plantation of timber,shelter forests and urban greening,which has important economic and ecological values.For a long time,Fraxinus americana mainly propagates by seeds,and its juvenile period is long with a seed setting interval,and the seeds have deep dormancy,which affects the propagation speed of Fraxinus americana to a certain extent.Research on the rapid propagation of Fraxinus americana softwood cuttings is important for the promotion of the tree species.【Method】By using the one-year-old softwood cuttings of Fraxinus americana as the material,the L_(18)(3^(7))orthogonal experiment was carried out.The effects of cutting substrate,branch part,the type and concentration of rooting accelerator and treatment time on the rooting characteristics of the cuttings were elucidated by variance analysis and membership function analysis.【Results】The results showed that the cutting medium,branch part,hormone type,hormone concentration and treatment time all showed significant effects on the rooting of the cuttings.The hormone concentration was the most important factor affecting the rooting rate of the cuttings.Branch part and hormone concentration had extremely significant or significant effects on the root number,maximum root length and average root length of the cuttings.The cutting medium extremely significantly affected the root number and average root length of the cuttings,but not the maximum root length.【Conclusion】The comprehensive membership function analysis indicated that the membership function value of No.5 treatment was the highest, that means soaking the middle branches in 150mg/L NAA for 6h and planting in the mixed medium of coarse river sand and vermiculite (3:1) is the best treatment for Fraxinus americana softwood cuttings, showing the highest rooting rate and best root indexes.

关 键 词：美国白蜡 嫩枝扦插 L_(18)(3^(7)) 生根特性 

分 类 号：S713.132.1[农业科学—林学]