高效解磷根瘤菌菌株的分离筛选及对花榈木苗木生长的影响  

Isolation and screening of efficient phosphorus solubilizing Rhizobium strains and their effects on the growth of Ormosia henryi seedlings

作　　者：陈晓琳 刘洁莹 宋艳琦 周洁尘[1,2,3,4] 汪亮 段翔 李学信 何苑皞 CHEN Xiaolin;LIU Jieying;SONG Yanqi;ZHOU Jiechen;WANG Liang;DUAN Xiang;LI Xuexin;HE Yuanhao(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Control of Diseases and Pests of South Plantation,Minisery of Education,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests,Minisery of Education,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Proterction for Non-wood Forest Trees,Minisery of Education,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Forestry Institute of Xiangtan City,Xiangtan 411206,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学南方人工林病虫害防治国家林业和草原局重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学森林有害生物防控湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [4]湘潭市林业科学研究所,湖南湘潭411206

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第4期76-82,92,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南省林业科技计划项目(XLK201930)。

摘　　要：【目的】花榈木Ormosia henryi是我国特有的珍贵用材树种,但存在种子繁殖过程中幼苗移栽存活率低,生长缓慢,结瘤率低等问题。研制高效根瘤菌剂是解决这一难题的有效途径。结合湖南土壤有效磷含量低的特点,筛选同时具有固氮作用和解磷能力的花榈木根瘤菌,可增加根瘤菌的应用功能和范围,为开发兼具固氮、解磷作用的多功能高效根瘤菌剂提供优良菌株。【方法】采用Vincent JM分离方法,从花榈木根系中分离根瘤菌;利用透明圈法及钼锑抗比色方法测定根瘤菌的解磷能力;通过回接试验研究接种根瘤菌对花榈木幼苗生长的影响。【结果】从花榈木根系中分离到根瘤菌20株,具有解无机磷能力的菌株8株,具有解有机磷能力的菌株14株,菌株XT202016解无机磷和有机磷的透明圈直径均最大,无机磷溶磷量和有机磷溶磷量最高,分别为31.1±0.3、71.2±0.6 mg·L^(-1)。回接解磷根瘤菌后花榈木结瘤数量为8~39个之间,固氮酶活为0.04±0.02~2.54±0.06μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)之间。与对照相比,接种了解磷根瘤菌的花榈木幼苗株高、地径、植株干质量、叶绿素含量和氮含量分别增加了2.5%~92.5%、1.7%~22.5%、14.3%~35.0%、4.7%~40%、9.5%~53.3%。接种菌株XT202016的花榈木幼苗结瘤数量、固氮酶活、株高、地径、植株干质量和氮含量均最高。【结论】解磷根瘤菌XT202016具有较强的解磷能力,同时可明显提高花榈木苗木结瘤率、促进幼苗生长,具有进一步制作高效根瘤菌剂的潜力。【Objective】Ormosia Henryi is a unique precious timber tree species in China.However,there are problems such as low survival rate of seedling transplantation,slow growth and low nodulation rate during its seed propagation.The development of efficient rhizobium inoculants is an effective way to solve this problem.Combining with the characteristics of low available phosphorus content in soils of Hunan,the screen of rhizobia with nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilizing capabilities can promote the application of rhizobia and provide excellent strains for the development of multi-functional and efficient rhizobium inoculants with the function of nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilizing.【Method】Using the vincent JM separation method,rhizobia were separated from the root system of O.Henryi.The phosphate solubilizing ability of rhizobia was determined by using a transparent circle method and Mo-Sb colorimetric method.Via the inoculation test,the effect of rhizobia on the growth of O.Henryi seedlings was explored【Result】20 rhizobium strains were isolated from the roots of O.Henryi,12 strains with the ability to solubilize inorganic phosphorus,16 strains with the ability to solubilize organic phosphorus.The strain XT202016 had the largest diameters of the transparent circles for inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus solubilization,and the highest solubilizing contents of inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus,with the values of 31.1±0.3 mg·L^(-1) and 71.2±0.6 mg·L^(-1),respectively.The nodule number of the O.Henryi seedlings inoculated with phosphorus solubilizing rhizobia was between 8 and 39,and the nitrogenase activity was between 0.04±0.02μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) and 2.54±0.06μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)).Compared with the control,the plant height,ground diameter,plant dry weight,chlorophyll content and nitrogen content of the seedlings inoculated with phosphorus solubilizing rhizobia increased by 2.5%-92.5%,1.7%-22.5%,14.3%-35.0%,4.7%-40%,9.5%-53.3%,respectively.The number of nodules,nitr

关 键 词：根瘤菌 花榈木 解磷 固氮酶活 苗木 

分 类 号：S718.8[农业科学—林学]