湘中丘陵区植被恢复对林内空气温湿度的调节作用  

Regulating Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Air Temperature and Humidity in the Forests in Hilly Area of Central Hunan

作　　者：陶萍萍 方晰[1,2] 陈金磊 TAO Pingping;FANG Xi;CHEN Jinlei(College of Life science and technology,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Forest Ecological Technology in Southern China,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]南方林业生态应用技术工程实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第4期93-103,共11页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201504411)。

摘　　要：【目的】为正确评价亚热带植被恢复改善小气候的作用提供科学依据。【方法】采用空间代替时间的方法,以湘中丘陵区地域相邻、生境条件基本一致,处于不同植被恢复阶段的檵木-南烛-满山红灌草丛(LVR)、檵木-杉木-白栎灌木林(LCQ)、马尾松-柯-檵木针阔混交林(PLL)、柯-红淡比-青冈常绿阔叶林(LCC)为研究对象,设置固定样地,采用GPRS无线远程数据实时监测系统观测林内距地面1.5 m处的空气温度和相对湿度。【结果】1)4个植被恢复阶段林内空气温度日变化表现为早晚低、日间高的“Ω”字型变化趋势,月平均空气温度的年变化均呈单峰型,1月份最低,8月份最高,但由于受外界大气候的支配不同恢复阶段间林内月平均气温差异不显著;随植被恢复,林内月平均气温振幅和月较差均呈下降趋势,表明植被恢复对林内气温缓冲作用和降温防暑、保温防寒作用增强;2)从LVR到LCC,空气相对湿度日变化呈现“U”字型变化趋势,林内月平均空气相对湿度差异显著,LCC林内空气湿度始终显著高于LVR,LCC增湿作用加强;随植被恢复,空气相对湿度日较差降低,最低空气相对湿度提高,小气候的相对稳定性的能力增强;不同植被恢复阶段林内月间空气温度、相对湿度最大值平均值的差异比最小值平均值的差异更大。【结论】植被恢复对林内空气温度、相对湿度的调节作用加强,因此促进植被恢复,改善群落结构,以提高森林调节小气候的生态系统服务。【Objective】This study was conducted to provide a scientific basis for correctly evaluating the effect of subtropical vegetation restoration on the improvement of microclimate.【Method】Using the method of replacing time with space,the Loropetalum chinense-Vaccinium bracteatum-Rhododendron mariesii scrub grass land(LVR),Loropetalum chinense-Cunninghamia lanceolate-Quercus fabri shrubbery(LCQ),Pinus massoniana-Lithocarpus glaber-Loropetalum chinense coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest(PLL)and Lithocarpus glaber-Cleyera japonic-Cyclobalanopsis glauca evergreen broad-leaved forest(LCC)in different vegetation restoration stages were selected as the research objects,which were geographically adjacent,sharing the same habitat conditions.The fixed sample plots were set up and the GPRS wireless remote real-time monitoring system was applied to observe the air temperature and relative humidity in the forest at a distance of 1.5 m from the ground.【Result】1)In the four vegetation restoration stages,the diurnal variation trend of air temperature in the forest was in a“Ω”shape with low temperatures in the morning and evening and high temperatures at noon.The annual variation of monthly average temperature was similar and showed a single peak,with the lowest in January and the highest in August.However,there was no significant difference in the monthly average temperature of the forests in different vegetation restoration stages,as it was controlled by the external macroclimate.With the restoration of vegetation,the range of monthly average temperature and daily variation in the forest decreased,which indicated that the vegetation restoration had a buffering effect on the forest temperature,and the effects of cooling,heatstroke prevention,heat preservation and cold prevention were enhanced.2)From the LVR stage to the LCC stage,the daily variation of relative air humidity showed a U-shaped trend,and the monthly average air humidity in the forest varied significantly.The air humidity in the LCC forest was always h

关 键 词：植被恢复 空气温度 空气相对湿度 湘中丘陵区 日较差 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]