汉更始帝及光武帝统一战争期间的州牧军权考——与郡守、诸将军的比较研究  

The Chou Shepherds’Military Power under Emperor Gengshi and Guangwu of Han Dynasty:In Comparison with Chun Administrator and Generals

作　　者：龚志伟 Gong Zhiwei(School of Humanity, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学人文学院,上海200240

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期38-47,共10页Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Edition of Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“历代儒家石经文献集成”(13&ZD063)。

摘　　要：更始帝延续新莽制度,以州牧行大将军事,但并没有赋予其统御一州地方军队的绝对军权。光武帝从建国伊始便重新确立了以郡为重心的地方军制,在重兵所向之州郡,以将军领太守事,或太守赐将军号、行将军事,即以太守作为征伐和屯戍的地方官统帅,而州牧退居边缘。州牧军权非如学界通常所认为的那样,晚至建武十八年复刺史才被削夺,两汉之际州不能将属郡兵统合为“州兵”,州牧亦不曾真正成为一州军事统帅。建武十八年复刺史,保留了其督察属郡军事的合法权力,为和帝以后刺史大规模介入地方军事埋下了伏笔。Emperor Gengshi who continued the regime of Xin Dynasty made Chou Sheperds wield the power of Great General,while did not grant the supreme military power within Chous.Emperor Guangwu rebuilt the Chun-centered local military regime soon after the birth of Later Han,granting Generals the power of Chun Administrators,namely made Chun Administrators the local military marshals in wartime and peacetime,while the Chou Shepherds took second place.Major views that Chou Shepherds had not been deprived of military power until the A.D.42 is questionable,and it suggested that Chou Shepherds'military dominance over Chuns had never been as strong as that of Chuns over Counties,thus there were no Chou Armies,and Chou Shepherds had never been military marshal within Chous.Cishi resumed in A.D.42 was reserved the legal power of supervising the Chuns military,as a result,it was able to interfere with local military after Emperor He.

关 键 词：军事制度 地方行政制度 州制 刺史 新莽 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]