主动脉壁内血肿的超声声像特征回顾  

A Review of the Ultrasonographic Features of Aortic Intramural Hematoma

作　　者：陈爱灼[1] 陈金清[2] CHEN Aizhuo;CHEN Jinqing(Department of Ultrasound,The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University,Putian Fujian 351100,China;Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University,Putian Fujian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田学院附属医院超声科,福建莆田351100 [2]莆田学院附属医院胸心外科,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《莆田学院学报》2022年第2期56-60,共5页Journal of putian University

摘　　要：探讨超声心动图在主动脉壁内血肿的临床应用价值。对2015—2021年13例主动脉壁内血肿(AIH)患者的超声表现及其相关资料进行回顾性分析。AIH患者中8例胸背部剧痛或伴有胸部烧灼感,5例无明显症状。据Stanford分型,A型AIH 4例、B型AIH 9例。超声显示AIH病变处主动脉壁为增厚的低回声(厚度6~17 mm),横断面呈新月形或环形,未探及撕裂样内膜片回声,与主动脉管腔间无血流交通;部分患者伴有主动脉瘤样扩张、主动脉瓣少至中量反流以及心包积液等。结果表明:超声心动图在AIH的诊断和分型中有重要价值,在床边急诊检查中更是有力工具;提高对AIH的认识有助于早期诊断、及时治疗和改善预后。This paper explores the clinical application value of echocardiography in aortic intramural hematoma based on a retrospective analysis of the ultrasonographic findings and related data of 13 patients with aortic intramural hematoma(AIH)from 2015 to 2021.Among them,8 patients suffer from severe pain in chest and back or accompanied with burning sensation in chest and the other 5 have no obvious symptoms.According to the Stanford classification of AIH,4 patients belong to type A and 9 type B.The ultrasonic examination shows that the aortic wall in AIH lesions is thickened with low echo(6~17 mm in thickness)in a crescent or ring shape.No echo of tear-like intimal slice is found and there is no blood flow between the focus and corresponding aortic lumen;some patients are complicated with aortic aneurysm-like dilatation,aortic regurgitation or pericardial effusion.As a helpful tool in emergency bedside examination,echocardiography is of great value in the diagnosis and typing of AIH.Therefore,improving the understanding of AIH will contribute to its early diagnosis,timely treatment and prognosis.

关 键 词：主动脉壁内血肿 超声心动图 诊断 

分 类 号：R543.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]