拜耳法赤泥脱碱研究现状及进展  

A comprehensive review of dealkalization of the bayer red mud

作　　者：廖曼琦 尹建国[1] 宁晨阳 卢申雪 周雪娇[1] 袁晓丽[1] 向小艳 LIAO Manqi;YIN Jianguo;NING Chenyang;LU Shenxue;ZHOU Xuejiao;YUAN Xiaoli;XIANG Xiaoyan(College of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing,401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技学院,冶金与材料工程学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《四川冶金》2022年第2期9-13,35,共6页Sichuan Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51574053);重庆科技学院研究生科技创新资助项目(YKJCX2120226);重庆科技学院后期资助项目(ckhqzz2020007)。

摘　　要：赤泥是氧化铝生产过程中产生的强碱性固体残渣,其环境污染大,安全隐患高,综合利用难,严重制约了氧化铝行业的可持续发展。赤泥作为水泥等生产原料是实现大规模综合利用的可行途径之一,但碱含量超标使得水泥制品出现开裂、鼓包和泛霜等现象,目前只能少量掺合使用,亟待系统开展赤泥脱碱研究。本文基于氧化铝生产工艺流程分析了拜耳法赤泥中各碱性物质的形成过程,综述了赤泥脱碱的方法与技术、热力学原理和动力学机理,分析了当前赤泥脱碱存在的问题,并展望了未来脱碱技术的发展方向,可为氧化铝行业赤泥脱碱和综合利用提供科学参考。Red mud,a highly alkaline residue of alumina production,is high potential safety hazard,serious environmental pollution and hard comprehensive utilization,which has limited sustainable development of alumina industry.It is a feasible and massive application for red mud being one of raw material of cement production,but there exist low intensity,cracking,druming and frosting because of its high alkalization,and needs further study on dealkalization.Based on Bayer process of alumina production,the forming process of all alkaline matters existing in red mud is analysized.Dealkalization methods and technologies,their thermodynamic and kinetic principls are summarized.Problems and future research directions are also proposed in the review,which is a scientific reference for comprehensive utilization of red mud.

关 键 词：拜耳法 赤泥 脱碱 综合利用 氧化铝 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]