声电换能超材料设计与性能  

Design and performance of metamaterials for acoustic-electric energy conversion

作　　者：吕海峰[1] 余瀚海 叶俊杰 马智宇 张景惠 李静 LÜHaifeng;YU Hanhai;YE Junjie;MA Zhiyu;ZHANG Jinghui;LI Jing(School of Mechanical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;The First Operation Branch,Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corporation Limited,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机械工程学院,太原030051 [2]北京市地铁运营有限公司运营一分公司,北京102209

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2022年第1期87-94,共8页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51305409);山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D221025)。

摘　　要：设计了一种将Helmholtz共振效应与压电效应结合的声电换能超材料结构及电路系统,通过传递矩阵法对超材料的能带结构进行了分析。以压电片作为Helmholtz共振器基底通过阵列形成超材料结构。当入射噪声频率与共振频率一致时,声电转换效率最高。利用COMSOL分别对超材料单元及系统进行仿真,验证了超材料单元对于噪声的抑制作用;研究了超材料单元串并联方式对声电换能效率的影响规律;采用整流桥设计了交直流转换电路,采用超级电容设计了储能电路。测试结果表明:所设计的声电换能超材料系统的最优直流负载为250 kΩ。当声波以共振频率入射驱动时,系统的声电功率最大为1 523μW,实现了声电的能量转换、调理与储能。A metamaterial structure for acoustic-electric energy conversation and circuit system combining Helmholtz resonance effect and piezoelectric effect was designed,and the energy band structure of the metamaterial was analyzed by the transfer matrix method. The piezoelectric sheet was used as the Helmholtz resonator substrate to form a metamaterial structure through an array. When the incident noise frequency was consistent with the resonance frequency,the acoustic-electric conversion efficiency was the highest. Using COMSOL to simulate the metamaterial unit and the system respectively,the effect of the metamaterial unit on noise suppression was verified. The influence of the series-parallel mode of the metamaterial unit on the efficiency of acoustic-electric conversion was studied. A rectifier bridge was used to design an alternating current/direct current converter,and super capacitor was adopted to design the energy storage circuit. The test results showed that the optimal direct current load of the designed metamaterials system for acoustic-electric energy conversion was 250 kΩ. With the incident driving of the sound wave at the resonance frequency,the maximum acoustic-electric power of the system was 1 523 μW,which realized the energy conversion,conditioning and energy storage of acoustic-electric.

关 键 词：噪声 超材料 共振 电能 能带 

分 类 号：V216.54[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TB535.2[理学—物理]