基于倾向性评分匹配评价抗病毒药物对儿童传染性单核细胞增多症的临床疗效  

Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of antiviral drugs in children with infectious mononucleosis based on propensity score matching method

作　　者：牛晓利 杨巧玲 李志玲[1] 孙华君[1] 黄建权[1] NIU Xiao-li;YANG Qiao-ling;LI Zhi-ling;SUN Hua-jun;HUANG Jian-quan(Department of Anesthesiology,Shanghai Children's Hospital,Shanghai 200062,China;Department of Pharmacy,Taihe County People's Hospital,Ahhui Fuyang 236600,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市儿童医院药学部,上海200062 [2]太和县人民医院药剂科,安徽阜阳236600

出　　处：《中国医院药学杂志》2022年第7期722-725,共4页Chinese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy

基　　金：上海市儿童医院国家自然科学基金培育专项项目(青年)(编号:2020YGZQ08)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨抗病毒治疗儿童传染性单核细胞增多症(infectious mononucleosis,IM)的疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性选取2019年1月至2020年12月上海市儿童医院收治的符合纳入标准的IM患者171例,其中未使用抗病毒药物组(未用药组)59例,使用抗病毒药物组(用药组)112例,并对2组患者行倾向性评分匹配(PSM),以期获得组间协变量均衡的样本。比较2组治疗后异型淋巴细胞降至10%以下的时间、热程、扁桃体渗出消失时间、住院天数、不良反应和随访预后结果的差异性。结果:经倾向性评分匹配后,未用药组和用药组各纳入51和52例患者。治疗后,用药组住院天数比未用药组长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);其他结果2组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);用药组不良反应发生率是7.84%(4/51);经返院随访,2组复发率、并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义。结论:是否使用抗病毒药物对儿童IM的急性期临床疗效和远期获益无明显差异,但使用抗病毒药物后,不良反应明显增加。OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of antiviral therapy in children with infectious mononucleosis(IM).METHODS A total of 171 patients with infectious mononucleosis who met the inclusion criteria in Shanghai Children’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively selected,including 59 patients without antiviral drugs(untreated group)and 112 patients in the antiviral group(treated group).The patients in the two groups were performed propensity score matching(PSM)for obtaining a sample with balanced inter-group covariate.The time of atypical lymphocytes falling below 10%,the fever course,the disappearance time of tonsil exudation,the days of hospitalization,the incidence of adverse reactions and the outcome of follow-ups were compared between the two groups.RESULTS After PSM,51 patients were enrolled in the untreated group and 52 patients in the treated group.After treatment,the hospitalization days of the treated group were significantly longer than those of the untreated group(P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the other indicators between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reaction in the treated group was 7.84%(4/51).According to the results of return to hospital for follow-up,there were no significant differences in the recurrence rate and the incidence of complications between the two groups.CONCLUSION Whether antiviral drugs are used in children with infectious mononucleosis,the acute clinical efficacy and long-term benefits show no significant differences.However,after the use of antiviral drugs,the adverse reactions increase significantly.

关 键 词：抗病毒药物 传染性单核细胞增多症 儿童 临床疗效 倾向性评分匹配 

分 类 号：R96[医药卫生—药理学]