环保型替代物:1-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯的合成与应用  

Environmentally friendly alternative: Synthesis and application of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene

作　　者：权恒道 冯仕为 贾晓卿 庆飞要 张呈平 QUAN Hengdao;FENG Shiwei;JIA Xiaoqing;QING Feiyao;ZHANG Chengping(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Yuji Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学化学与化工学院,北京100081 [2]北京宇极科技发展有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《精细化工》2022年第4期677-688,共12页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：1-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233zd)分子中含有的碳碳双键使其在大气中的生命周期极短,全球变暖潜能值极低。此外,HCFO-1233zd具有低毒性、不易燃等特点。因此,HCFO-1233zd被确认为氯氟烃的环保型替代物,在环保性能上与氢氟烯烃属于同一级别,属于第四代产品。综述了HCFO-1233zd的合成路线和应用。在合成路线方面,以1,1,1,3,3-五氯丙烷(HCC-240fa)为原料经气相氟-氯交换合成HCFO-1233zd(E)的路线具有原料易得、转化率高、选择性高等优点,具有工业化价值;以HCFO-1233zd(E)为原料经气相异构化合成HCFO-1233zd(Z)的路线具有催化剂使用寿命长、选择性高等优点,易于实现工业化。在应用方面,HCFO-1233zd(E)主要用作发泡剂和传热流体,HCFO-1233zd(Z)主要用作清洗剂。最后,提出了今后HCFO-1233zd领域的研究重点在于开发高活性非铬催化剂及HCFO-1233zd的新型应用技术。The carbon-carbon double bond in the molecule of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropylene (HCFO-1233zd) gives it an extremely short life cycle in the atmosphere and an extremely low global warming potential. In addition, HCFO-1233zd has the characteristics of low toxicity and uninflammability. As a result, HCFO-1233zd has been identified as an environmentally friendly alternative to chlorofluorocarbons,which is in the same class as hydrofluoroolefins in terms of environmental performance and belongs to the fourth-generation product. The synthetic routes and application of HCFO-1233zd are reviewed. In terms of the synthetic routes, the synthesis route of HCFO-1233zd (E) from 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (HCC-240fa) by gas phase fluorine-chlorine exchange has easy access to raw materials, high conversion rate, high selectivity and industrial value, while the synthesis route of HCFO-1233zd (Z) by gas phase isomerization using HCFO-1233zd (E) as raw material has the advantages of long catalyst life, high target product selectivity and easy to realize industrialization. In terms of application,HCFO-1233zd (E) is mainly used as foaming agent and heat transfer fluid, while HCFO-1233zd (Z) is mainly used as cleaning agent. Finally, the research priorities of HCFO-1233zd in the future are the development of high activity non-chromium catalysts and the new application technologies.

关 键 词：1-氯-3 3 3-三氟丙烯 1 1 1 3 3-五氯丙烷 发泡剂 传热流体 清洗剂 

分 类 号：TQ222.424[化学工程—有机化工]