人工膝关节假体的磨损性能分析  

Wear performance analysis of artificial knee joint prosthesis

作　　者：焦朵朵 高子瑞 刘峰 Jiao Duoduo;Gao Zirui;Liu Feng(School of Mechanical Engineering,North University of China,Shanxi Taiyuan 030051,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing of Shanxi Province,Shanxi Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机械工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]山西省先进制造重点实验室,山西太原030051

出　　处：《机械设计与制造工程》2022年第4期97-100,共4页Machine Design and Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302123028)。

摘　　要：超高分子量聚乙烯胫骨部件的磨损是造成全膝关节置换远期失效的主要原因,假体中股骨和胫骨部件的几何参数是影响膝关节磨损的主要因素之一。基于摩擦功磨损模型对临床中大量使用的捷迈NK-Ⅱ和强生PFC假体分别进行标准步态周期磨损仿真,研究膝关节假体几何结构参数对磨损的影响。结果表明,捷迈NK-Ⅱ假体的体积磨损率显著低于强生PFC假体,其原因是强生PFC假体矢状面形合度相对较大,载荷作用相对集中,而捷迈NK-Ⅱ假体矢状面形合度相对较小,载荷作用相对分散,单个周期内的重叠接触面积相对较小,导致其磨损率偏低;同时捷迈NK-Ⅱ假体冠状面形合度相对较大,导致其平均接触法向应力(接触应力)相对较小,进一步降低了磨损率。The wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tibial components is the main reason limiting long-term failure of total knee joint replacement,the geometric parameters of the femoral and tibial components in the prosthesis are one of the main factors affecting the wear of the knee joint.Based on the friction work wear model,the standard gait cycle wear simulation of Zimmer NK-Ⅱand Depuy PFC prosthesis widely used in clinical is carried out to study the influence of geometric structure parameters of knee prostheses on wear.The results show that,the volume wear rate of Zimmer NK-Ⅱprosthesis is significantly lower than that that of Depuy PFC prosthesis,the reason is that the conformity level of Depuy PFC prosthesis in the sagittal plane is relatively large,and the load action is relatively concentrated,the conformity level of Zimmer NK-Ⅱprosthesis in the sagittal plane is relatively lower,the load action is relatively dispersed,and the overlapping contact area in a single cycle is relatively small,resulting in a low wear rate;meanwhile,the conformity level of the Zimmer NK-Ⅱprosthesis in the coronal plane is relatively large,its average contact normal stress(contact stress)is relatively small,further resulting in its relatively low wear rate.

关 键 词：全膝关节假体 磨损模型 交叉剪切 有限元模型 接触应力 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]