重视现象观察而忽视原因探讨--中国古代物理认识活动的一个特点  

Attach Importance to the Observation of Phenomena and Neglect the Exploring of Causes--A Feature of Physics Cognition Activities in Ancient China

作　　者：胡化凯[1] HU Huakai(Dept.of History of Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《广西民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期22-32,共11页Journal of Guangxi Minzu University ：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：出于职业活动的需要,中国古代不同的人群对不同的物理现象各有特殊的关注,如算学家、医家、道士、炼丹家、星占家、堪舆家、航海家等都对某类物理现象有着特殊的关注。但古代对物理现象感兴趣的各类人群,只是相关物理现象的运用者,而不是这些现象的研究者。他们出于实用的目的而注重观察各种物理现象,却很少探讨这些现象背后隐藏的原因和道理。这是中国古代物理认识活动的基本特点之一。正是这种特点,使得古代的物理认识(除音律学等个别领域外)只能长期停留在零散的经验积累水平上,无法发展成具有一定理论深度的知识体系。For the needs of career,different people in ancient China paid special attention to different physical phenomena.Such as mathematicians,physicians,Taoists,alchemists,astrologers,geomancers and navigators etc,all of them had special interests in certain physical phenomena.People in ancient China who were interested in physical phenomena were not researchers but users of these phenomena.They observed the phenomena,but seldom explored the reason and truth behind them.This is a basic character of physics cognition activities in ancient China.It is this character that made ancient physical cognitions can only stay on accumulation of scattered experiences and can't form a knowledge system with certain theoretical depth.

关 键 词：中国古代 物理 认识活动 

分 类 号：N91[自然科学总论]