卷扬机增设排绳器分析与设计  

Analysis and Design of Adding Rope Arranger for Winch

作　　者：乔伟 Qiao Wei

机构地区：[1]北京中联佳创科技有限公司,100102

出　　处：《工程机械》2022年第4期70-74,I0017,共6页Construction Machinery and Equipment

摘　　要：针对科威特某桥梁施工现场桥面吊机出现的卷扬机乱绳问题,分别从卷筒与钢丝绳旋向、突然刹车和突然启动造成钢丝绳跳绳、钢丝绳磨损情况、卷筒有无绳槽、首层排列状况、卷筒出绳角、多层缠绕、钢丝绳松紧状态等方面分析可能导致乱绳的原因,最后得出钢丝绳空载状态下张力不够是乱绳的原因。对增加配重块、增设导绳器、更换卷扬机、增设排绳器4个解决方案进行论证。考虑到海外现场改造能力有限,结合桥面吊机整机工作特点,得出卷扬机增设排绳器是最可靠的一种解决问题的方案。对排绳器传动设计进行介绍,对电机减速器传动、齿轮传动、链轮传动、卷筒与排绳器联动设计进行分析计算,对排绳器传动关键零件月牙板的受力进行校核,对排绳器对系统功率的损耗进行分析。排绳器结构形式新颖,模块化的设计最大限度地减小了现场改造难度,改造后为现场施工顺利进行提供了便利条件。In view of the rope disorder of the winch on the bridge deck crane at a bridge construction site in Kuwait,the possible causes of rope disorder are analyzed from the aspects of the rotation direction of the drum and rope,the rope skipping due to sudden braking and sudden startup,the rope wear,the presence or absence of the rope groove in the drum,the arrangement of the first layer,the rope exit angle of the drum,multi-layer winding and the rope tightness.Finally,it is concluded that insufficient tension of the rope under no-load condition is the cause of rope disorder.The four solutions of adding a counterweight,adding a rope guider,replacing the winch and adding a rope arranger are demonstrated.Considering the limited capacity of overseas on-site reconstruction,combined with the overall working characteristics of the bridge deck crane,it is concluded that adding a rope arranger for the winch is the most reliable solution to the problem.The drive design of the rope arranger is introduced,the linkage design of motor reducerdrive,gear drive,chain drive,drum and rope arranger is analyzed and calculated,the stress of crescent plate which is the key component of the rope arranger drive is checked,and the loss of system power by the rope arranger is analyzed.The structure of the rope arranger is novel,and the modular design minimizes the difficulty of on-site reconstruction,which provides convenient conditions for the smooth progress of on-site construction.

关 键 词：桥面吊机 卷扬机 乱绳 排绳器 导绳器 分析与设计 

分 类 号：U445.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]