高压液压缸静密封应力及密封性能有限元分析  

Finite Element Analysis of Static Sealing Stress and Sealing Performance of High-Pressure Hydraulic Cylinder

作　　者：刘彤 颜克伦 Liu Tong;Yan Kelun

机构地区：[1]湖南机电职业技术学院,410151

出　　处：《工程机械》2022年第4期91-95,I0018,共6页Construction Machinery and Equipment

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目“面向泵类零件再制造的柔性高效无损拆解方法和工艺研究”(18C1830)。

摘　　要：液压缸的内泄漏不仅影响液压缸的微动性能,严重时还会对人身财产安全造成影响,而液压缸的内泄漏主要取决于O形圈的密封性能。基于非线性有限元理论建立高压液压缸活塞O形密封圈二维轴对称模型,采用ANS YS有限元软件分析预压缩率和介质压力对O形圈接触应力、总应力和剪切应力的影响。结果表明:接触应力、剪切应力、总应力均随介质压力和预压缩率的增大而迅速增大;接触应力沿着接触界面呈抛物线分布,最大接触应力始终大于介质压力;在避免产生过大应力导致密封失效的情况下,增大预压缩率,有利于提高O形圈抗挤入间隙的能力和密封性能,根据介质压力情况选择合适的预压缩率才能确保有效密封。The internal leakage of the hydraulic cylinder not only affects the fretting performance of the hydraulic cylinder,but also affects the personal and property safety in severe cases,while the internal leakage of the hydraulic cylinder mainly depends on the sealing performance of the O-ring.Based on the nonlinear finite element theory,a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of the piston O-ring of high-pressure hydraulic cylinder is established,and the effects of pre-compression rate and medium pressure on the contact stress,total stress and shear stress of the O-ring are analyzed by using finite element software ANSYS.The results show that the contact stress,shear stress and total stress increase rapidly with the increase of medium pressure and precompression rate;the contact stress is parabolically distributed along the contact interface,and the maximum contact stress is always greater than the medium pressure;in the case of avoiding sealing failure caused by excessive stress,increasing the pre-compression rate is conducive to improving the ability of Oring to resist extrusion into the gap and the sealing performance.Only selecting the appropriate pre-compression rate according to the medium pressure can ensure effective sealing.

关 键 词：液压缸静密封 ANSYS有限元分析 接触应力 介质压力 

分 类 号：TH137.51[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB115[理学—数学]