腐殖质和生物肥料对植物发育和微生物活性的协同作用  

The Synergistic Effects of Humic Substances and Biofertilizers on Plant Development and Microbial Activity:A Review

作　　者：Jose Franco Da Cunha Leme Filho Wade E.Thomason Gregory K.Evanylo Xunzhong Zhang Michael S.Strickland Bee K.Chim Andre A.Diatta 黄亚茹(译) 李冬梅(译) 袁红莉(译)[4] Jose Franco Da Cunha Leme Filho;Wade E.Thomason;Gregory K.Evanylo;Xunzhong Zhang;Michael S.Strickland;Bee K.Chim;Andre A.Diatta;Huang Yaru;Li Dongmei;Yuan Hongli(School of Plant and Environmental Sciences,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,Blacksburg,USA,24061;Department of Soil and Water Systems,University of Idaho,Moscow,USA,83843;United States Department of Agriculture,Agricultural Research Service,North Central Agriculture Research Lab,Brookings,USA,97415;College of Biological Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing,100193)

机构地区：[1]美国弗吉尼亚理工大学植物与环境科学学院,布莱克斯堡24061 [2]美国爱达荷大学土壤与水系统系,莫斯科83843 [3]美国农业部农业研究局中北部农业研究实验室,布鲁金斯97415 [4]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100193

出　　处：《腐植酸》2022年第2期16-29,共14页Humic Acid

摘　　要：鉴于农业地区投入物的循环利用,农业生态系统和生态循环是开放的。不可再生资源从空气、水和土地中转化或迁移到农业生态系统中,并作为废物而非可再生、可循环利用的资源流出。当前的环境状况,正推动开发能够优化养分循环、最大限度地减少外部投入物的使用并提高其使用效率的方法,一些源于小麦秸秆和生物肥料中的腐殖质产品可以作为堆肥茶和粪肥茶,以减少化学合成物质的使用。本文旨在加深我们对腐殖质与生物肥料联合使用的认识,同时阐述了每一种化合物的生物刺激作用。因此,本文提出了疑问:腐殖质和生物肥料的联合应用是否可以促进二者的协同作用并有可能提高药效?由于腐殖质和生物肥料对植物和微生物的促进效果是相互联系的,所以二者的效果可能会被混淆。例如,腐殖质促进的根伸长可能会增加菌根真菌的定殖。因此,本文被划分为3个部分:腐殖质和生物肥料对植物、真菌、细菌的影响。研究结果表明,腐殖质的来源和施用量对植物生长和微生物活性具有强烈影响,而腐殖质的作用效果也因微生物种类和植物的类型而不同。从本文中所涉及的文献的数据可以看出,联合使用腐殖质和生物肥料来刺激植物发育和微生物活性在农业系统中具有巨大前景。Agroecosystem and ecological cycling loops are open when considering the reutilization of inputs applied in farming areas.Non-renewable resources have been transformed or relocated from the air,water and land into the system and are flowing out as wastes rather than reusable,recyclable resources.This current environmental situation is promoting the development of methods able to optimize nutrient cycling,minimize use of external inputs,and maximize input use efficiency.Some humic products are derived from lignin found in wheat straw and biofertilizers as compost and manure teas can be made using residues.Also,these biostimulants might decrease the necessity of synthetic inputs.This review strives to enhance our understanding of the conjunctive use of humic substances (HS) and biofertilizers.The biostimulant effects of each of these compounds are shown in the literature.Thus,our review question is whether the combined application of HS and biofertilizers can promote synergy between both compounds and potentially more efficacy.The effects promoted by using HS plus biofertilizers on plants and microorganisms are very interconnected,so sometimes these effects can be confounded.For instance,the root elongation promoted by HS might increase hyphal fungi colonization.Therefore,this review as divided in three sections:responses of plants,fungi and bacteria.The findings indicate that the source and application rate of HS will have a strong impact on whether plant growth and microbial activity significantly improved.The microbial species and plant type also influence the response to HS.The prospects of the conjunctive use of and biofertilizers to stimulate plant development and microbial activity in agricultural systems are theoretically substantial when considering the total number of studies included in this review.

关 键 词：生物刺激素 腐植酸 腐植酸盐 植物生长 堆肥茶 粪肥茶 

分 类 号：TQ314.1[化学工程—高聚物工业]