连续性弯曲河道溃堤后的概化水槽试验研究  

Experimental Study on Generalized Flume after Dike Break of Continu⁃ous Curved Channel

作　　者：刘书瑜 张兵戈 朱裕 李梦雨 LIU Shuyu;ZHANG Bingge;ZHU Yu;LI Mengyu(North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南科技》2022年第7期58-62,共5页Henan Science and Technology

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项科技攻关项目(222102320195);华北水利水电大学高层次人才科研启动项目(201909006);河南省高等学校大学生创新训练计划项目(2019XA048)。

摘　　要：河道决口是我国常见的自然灾害之一,特别是黄河生产堤发生溃口后,溃堤波在滩区的传播扩散对当地的生命财产造成了极大的损失。本文根据黄河下游夹河滩至高村游荡型河段建立了概化水槽物理模型,模拟了弯曲河道溃口处漫滩洪水在滩槽的演进过程。试验通过水位自动跟踪仪及VDMS系统测量了弯曲河道溃堤发生后,滩槽水位及流速的变化过程,并分析了漫滩洪水的演进特性。试验结果表明,溃堤波在溃口处传播呈扇状,在滩区地形影响下,漫滩洪水形成的洪泛区存在不同尺度的涡流;河槽内部水位在溃堤发生后,水位伴随着洪水的演进过程先降低后增大,最终溃口处达到稳定分流的状态。试验结果可为数学模型提供验证参考,并对滩区确定风险区域提供技术支撑。River breach is one of the common natural disasters in China,especially after the breach of the Yellow River dike,the spread of the breach wave in the beach area has caused great losses to local lives and properties.In this paper,a physical model of a generalized flume physical model is established based on the wandering type of river section from the lower Yellow River between Jiehetan and Gaocun to simulate the evolution process of floodplain flood in the flume at the cured channel burst.The experi⁃ments measured the changes of water level and flow velocity in the beach channel after the breach of channel bends by means of the water level automatic tracking instrument and VDMS system,and anal⁃ysed the evolution characteristics of the beach flood.The experimental results show that the wave propa⁃gates fan-like at the breach and the mainstream direction is influenced by the beach topography,and there are different scales of eddies in the floodplain formed by the beach flood.After the occurrence of dike-break,the water level in the channel decreases first and then increases along with the flood evolu⁃tion process,and finally reaches the state of stable diversion at the breach.The experimental results can provide a reference for the validation of the mathematical model and provide technical support for the for⁃mulation of risk zones in the beach area.

关 键 词：溃堤 漫滩洪水 洪水演进 概化试验 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]