基于探空资料的西南区域暴雨环境参数统计分析  

Statistical Analysis of the Environmental Parameters of Heavy Rainfall in Southwest China Based on Sounding Observation

作　　者：顾天红 杜小玲 李力 张艳梅 邵国云 GU Tianhong;DU Xiaoling;LI Li;ZHANG Yanmei;SHAO Guoyun(Guizhou Meteorological Observatory,Guiyang 550002,China;Lishui Meteorological Bureau of Zhejiang Province,Lishui 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省气象台,贵州贵阳550002 [2]浙江省丽水市气象局,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《中低纬山地气象》2022年第2期27-32,共6页Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局暴雨预报专家创新团队(CMACXTD002-3);西南区域重大科研业务项目(西南区域2014-3):基于“配料”的西南区域强降水中尺度分析;贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2020]03-08号):西南区域暴雨过程中探空物理量的阈值初探。

摘　　要：利用西南区域11个探空站数据及地面常规观测资料,对2010—2020年196次暴雨过程中表征水汽、热力不稳定、动力条件的10种物理量参数进行统计分析,基于箱线图提取了一些有利于暴雨发生的环境参数阈值。结果表明:①对流层中低层近饱和的大气和比湿高值是该区域暴雨发生的有利条件之一;②沙氏指数在各季节的阈值均较低,对流有效位能在盛夏时值较高,多对流性暴雨,而初秋对其要求不高,多稳定性暴雨;③初夏和盛夏对最大上升速度的要求明显大于初秋,而能量螺旋度主要在初夏才有一定要求。Based on the data of 11 sounding stations in southwest China and conventional ground observation data,10 physical parameters characterizing water vapor,thermal instability and dynamic conditions during 196 heavy rain events from 2010 to 2020 were statistically analyzed,and some environmental parameter thresholds conducive to the occurrence of heavy rain were extracted based on box plots.The conclusions are shown as follows:①The nearly saturated atmosphere and high specific humidity in the middle and lower troposphere are one of the favorable conditions for the occurrence of rainstorm in this region;②The threshold value of SI is lower in all seasons.The value of CAPE is higher in mid-summer,and convective rainstorms are more common,while stable rainstorms are more common in early autumn;③The requirements for W-CAPE in early summer and mid-summer are obviously higher than those in early autumn,while EHI is only required in early summer.

关 键 词：西南区域暴雨 探空资料 环境参数 箱线图 阈值 

分 类 号：P426.611[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]