遥感地质解译在增生杂岩专题地质填图中的应用——以柴达木盆地北缘托莫尔日特增生杂岩为例  

Application of remote sensing geological interpretation in thematic geologicalmapping of accretionary complex:a case study of the Tuomoerrite accretionary complex in the northern margin of Qaidam basin

作　　者：李隽辉 闫臻[2] 付长垒[2,3] 汪洋 陈雷[2] 李五福 LI Junhui;YAN Zhen;FU Changlei;WANG Yang;CHEN Lei;LI Wufu(School of Earth Science and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Key Laboratory of the Northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,Qinghai Geological Survey Institute,Xining,Qinghai 810012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [3]青藏高原北部地质过程与矿产资源重点实验室,青海省地质调查院,青海西宁810012

出　　处：《地质学报》2022年第4期1478-1487,共10页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号41872241、42072266);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号DD20190006);青海省地质矿产勘查开发局项目(编号[2021]61);中国地质科学院地质研究所统筹科研项目(编号S2007)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：造山带内增生杂岩的准确识别和详细解剖不仅对确定古洋盆和古俯冲带存在具有直接的指示意义,而且对区域矿产资源勘探具有重要的指导意义。专题地质填图是识别和解剖增生杂岩的有效手段,然而,部分艰险地区海拔高,交通不便,给填图工作造成了一定困难。遥感地质解译可为专题地质填图提供重要参考,因此,本文尝试基于多光谱遥感数据对柴达木盆地北缘托莫尔日特地区进行遥感地质解译,来揭示研究区内出露的岩石组合类型、空间展布和构造特征,并提取该地区的矿化蚀变信息,为造山带内增生杂岩的识别和解剖提供新思路。结合区域地质资料、专题地质填图和遥感地质解译结果,综合分析认为柴达木盆地北缘托莫尔日特地区滩间山群南段是具有“基质裹夹块体”结构特征,发育叠瓦状逆冲断层、双冲断层和同斜紧闭褶皱等构造样式和伴生有热液型造山带金矿床特征的增生杂岩。研究结果表明,基于多光谱遥感数据的遥感地质解译能够有效识别和解剖增生杂岩,可作为增生杂岩专题地质填图的一种实用手段。The accurate identification and detailed dissection of the accretionary complex in orogenic belts is not only of direct significance for determining the existence of paleo-oceanic basin and paleo-subduction zone, but also for guiding exploration of regional mineral resources. Thematic geological mapping is an effective means to identify and dissect accretionary complex. However, the high altitude and inconvenient transportation in some dangerous areas make mapping work difficult. The remote sensing geological interpretation can provide useful information for thematic geological mapping. Therefore, this paper tries to carry out the remote sensing geological mapping of the Tuomoerrite area in the northern margin of Qaidam basin, to reveal the exposed rock combination types, spatial distribution and structure features, distribution characteristics, and to extract the regional mineralization alteration information, which can provide a new approach to the identification and dissection of the accretionary complex in orogenic belt. Combination with regional geological data, project geological mapping and remote sensing geological interpretation results, comprehensive analysis demonstrates that the southern section of Tanjianshan Group in the northern margin of Qaidam basin is accretionary complex, which has the structural characteristics of block-in-matrix, develops imbricate thrust faults, double thrust faults and homoclinal closed folds, and associated hydrothermal orogenic gold deposits. The results show that remote sensing geological interpretation can effectively identify and dissect accretionary complex, and can be used as a practical method for thematic geological mapping of accretionary complex.

关 键 词：增生杂岩 专题地质填图 遥感地质解译 多光谱遥感 柴达木盆地北缘 

分 类 号：P627[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]