转录组和代谢组联合解析气温升高和干旱互作下灵武长枣果皮花青苷代谢机制  

Transcriptome and metabolome combined analysis of anthocyanin metabolism in fruit peel of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Lingwuchangzao’under the interaction of elevated temperature and drought

作　　者：韩雅茹 马亚平 陈丽华 赵思明 宋丽华[1] HAN Yaru;MA Yaping;CHEN Lihua;ZHAO Siming;SONG Lihua(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nan�jing 210037,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]南京林业大学林学院,南京210037

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第5期811-825,共15页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760203,32160360)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究气温升高与干旱环境对灵武长枣花青苷代谢的影响,揭示气候变化对枣果实品质形成的影响机制。【方法】以白熟期、半红脆熟期、全红脆熟期灵武长枣为试验材料,设置大气温度与干旱交互处理试验。大气温度设置自然大气温度(T1)和升高大气温度[T2,T2=T1+(2.0±0.5℃)]两个水平,干旱设置正常土壤水分[D1,土壤含水量为田间最大持水量(MFC)的70%~75%]、中度干旱(D2,50%~55%MFC)和重度干旱(D3,30%~35%MFC)三个水平。测定灵武长枣果皮花青苷含量,并基于转录组与代谢组关联分析挖掘关键调控基因。【结果】气温升高有利于花青苷积累,干旱不利于其积累,气温升高协同干旱使果皮花青苷含量降低4.28%~12.33%。转录组测序共获得129.66 Gb Clean Data,果实全红脆熟期T2D1处理下获得的差异基因数量最多,为6599个,其中6278个经MAPMAN注释到总代谢通路中,类黄酮代谢中注释8个基因。差异基因与代谢物经KEGG富集分析分别筛选到8个类黄酮及花青苷合成相关基因及7个相关代谢物。基因ZjCHS、ZjDFR、ZjANS、ZjCFI在气温升高和干旱处理下,在花青苷代谢物的转化合成中显著上调,在T1D3处理下促进了山柰酚、槲皮素、飞燕草色素的积累;在T2D1处理下促进了儿茶素、槲皮素、飞燕草色素、圣草酚、天竺葵色素、表儿茶素、山柰酚的积累,而在T2D3处理下降低。荧光定量分析表明,关键调控基因在不同处理中上调,与转录组中表达趋势一致。【结论】基因ZjCHS、ZjDFR、ZjANS、ZjCFI在气温升高与干旱协同处理下灵武长枣果皮花青苷合成中具有重要调控作用,初步揭示了灵武长枣呈红色的生物学基础。【Objective】Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Lingwuchangzao’is an excellent fresh jujube variety in Ningxia.Global warming has become the main feature of global climate change in the recent 100 years,while climate warming leads to changes in precipitation.Elevated air temperature and drought are two important environmental factors influencing fruit coloring and quality.Therefore,key genes regulating fruit color under the synergistic treatment of elevated air temperature and drought were screened,and understanding related metabolism provide important reference for the response of fruit quality formation process of economic forest to climate change.【Methods】In this experiment,jujube cultivar Lingwuchangzao was used as the experimental object,and the combined treatment of air temperature and drought was applied.The open-top chamber control system was used to simulate the elevated temperature,automatic water-saving irrigation system to control soil moisture levels.The air temperature was set at two levels[natural environmental temperature T1,elevated air temperature T2=T1+(2.0±0.5℃)],and soil moisture was set to three levels(normal soil moisture D1 with a relative soil moisture content in the range of 70%-75%of field capacity;moderate drought D2 with a relative soil moisture content in the range of 50%-55%of field capacity;and severe drought D3 with a relative soil moisture content of30%-35%of field capacity).Totally there were 6 treatments,with natural air temperature and normal soil moisture serving as the control.Anthocyanin content in the peel at different developmental stages was determined,and the coloring differences between the treatments were compared.Peel samples were taken for transcription sequencing and metabolite determination.Key regulatory genes were selected and analyzed with qRT-PCR.【Results】With the gradual maturation of fruit,the anthocyanin content showed a gradual increasing trend under the synergistic treatment of elevated temperature and drought.When the air temperature rose by 2℃,the

关 键 词：灵武长枣 大气升温 干旱胁迫 果实着色 代谢机制 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]