双仓立式棉种齿盘穴播器设计与试验  

Design and analysis of double-chamber vertical toothed disc structure hole seeder for cotton

作　　者：陈勇 张学军 靳伟 张海涛 史增录 于永良 Chen Yong;Zhang Xuejun;Jin Wei;Zhang Haitao;Shi Zenglu;Yu Yongliang(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,830052,China;Key Laboratory of Innovation Design laboratory,Xinjiang Agricultural Engineering Equipment,Urumqi,830052,China;Xinjiang Tiancheng Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Company,Tiemenguan,843300,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐市830052 [2]新疆农业工程装备创新设计实验室重点实验室,乌鲁木齐市830052 [3]新疆天诚农机具制造有限公司,新疆铁门关843300

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2022年第5期35-39,53,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：新疆农业大学研究生科研创新项目(XJAUGRI2021016)。

摘　　要：针对棉花窝眼轮内充式穴播器结构复杂、维修不便等问题,基于立式圆盘排种器工作原理,设计一种双仓立式棉种齿盘穴播器。首先阐述双仓立式棉种齿盘穴播器结构组成,阐明储种仓和输种仓内工作流程,分别对穴播器和取种齿盘的结构参数进行设计,确定播深为2.5 cm、株距9 cm、转动盘直径取40 cm后得到穴播器直径取410 mm,鸭嘴数取16。根据双仓同步条件判断结构参数的合理性,确保结构参数设计合理。根据单粒取种需求,对取种孔内多粒棉种排布情况进行分析,确定取种孔尺寸为9.1 mm×4.9 mm×3.6 mm。对孔口棉种进行受力分析,求解取种孔安置角度32°。最后为检验穴播器排种性能,开展田间验证试验。结果表明:平均合格率为94.5%,重播率为3.57%、空穴率为1.884%,排种性能满足国家标准要求。Aiming at the problems of complicated structure and inconvenient maintenance of the inner-filled hole planter for cotton nest eye wheel,based on the working principle of the vertical disc seeder,a double-chamber vertical toothed disc structure hole seeder for cotton was designed.Firstly,the structure and composition of the double-chamber vertical toothed disc structure hole seeder for cotton was described.The structural parameters of the drop seeder and the tooth disc for seed selection were designed respectively,and the seeding depth was determined to be 2.5 cm,the plant spacing was 9 cm,the diameter of the rotary disc was 40 cm,and the diameter of the drop seeder was 410 mm,and the number of duck mouths was 16.The rationality of the structural parameters was judged according to the synchronization between the chambers to ensure reasonable design of the structural parameters.According to the demand for single seed collection,the arrangement of multiple cotton seeds in the seed collection hole was analyzed,and the size of the seed collection hole was determined to be 9.1 mm×4.9 mm×3.6 mm.The force analysis of the cotton seed at the hole mouth was carried out,and the angle of placement of the seed hole was calculated to be 32°.Finally,in order to test the seeding performance of the hole seeder,a field verification experiment was carried out.The results showed that the average pass rate was 94.5%,replay rate was 3.57%,void rate was 1.884%,and seeding performance met the requirements of China’s national standards.

关 键 词：棉花 双仓立式 铺膜播种 穴播器 立式取种盘 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]