建闸后荆江分洪道华容河河床演变对防洪影响分析  

Analysis on influence of riverbed evolution of Huarong River on flood control after construction of sluice

作　　者：蒋黎明 付菁 JIANG Liming;FU Jing(Changjiang Water Resources and Hydropower Development Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430014,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利水电开发集团有限公司,湖北武汉430014

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2022年第5期49-52,57,共5页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

摘　　要：华容河原是长江中游荆江分泄水沙至洞庭湖的通道之一,1959年在长江及洞庭湖口门处分别建调弦口闸、六门闸进行控制,使华容河成为人工控制内河。目前,华容河仅汛期部分时段通流,其他时刻几乎断流。基于近60 a来5次实测河道地形资料,对华容河建闸控制以来的河床演变特征进行了分析及归纳。结果表明:华容河分流比由建闸前的2.43%锐减至0.06%,分沙比由建闸前的2.08%缩减为0.06%,几乎无分流分沙能力;建闸后河床普遍抬升约2.5 m,口门段河床抬升约8.0 m;河床平均束窄约35~50 m,最大束窄近100 m,导致华容河分洪能力大幅降低,当长江洪水遇洞庭湖洪水顶托时,华容河沿江堤防将遭遇洪水威胁。因此,应及时开展华容河河道疏浚、堤防加固等综合整治工程。The Huarong River was one of the flood and sediment diversion passages of the Jingjiang River in the middle reaches of Yangtze River to Dongting Lake.In 1959,the Tiaoxiankou Sluice Gate and the Liumen Sluice Gate were built at the gates of Yangtze River and Dongting Lake,respectively,so the Huarong River became a inner river that can be artificially controlled.Nowadays,the Huarong River can only flow through for part of the flood sea⁃son,and is cutoff for the rest of the year.On the basis of the analysis of the measured river topographic data in past 60 years,the characteristics of riverbed evolution since the construction of the controlling sluice gate were analyzed and summarized.The results showed that the flow diversion ratio of the Huarong River was sharply reduced to 0.06%from 2.43%before the construction of the sluice gate,and the sediment diversion ratio was reduced to 0.06%from 2.08%,lossing almost all diversion capacity;the riverbed rose about 2.5 m after the construction of the sluice gate,and at the mouth section,the riverbed rose about 8.0 m;the average shrinkage of the river width ranged from 35 m to 50 m,with the maximum shrinkage of 135 m.The flood diversion capacity of the Huarong River was greatly reduced.When the Yangtze River flood was backed by Dongting Lake flood,the safety of the Huarong River dike will be threatened.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out comprehensive treatment projects such as river dredging and dike reinforcement in time.

关 键 词：河床演变 分流比 分沙比 建闸控制 长江中游 华容河 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]