重金属污染土壤植物修复中细胞分裂素的作用与机制  

The role and mechanism of cytokinin in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil

作　　者：方治国[1] 杨青 谢俊婷 都韶婷 FANG Zhiguo;YANG Qing;XIE Junting;DU Shaoting(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310016,China;InteR_(d)isciplinary Research Academy(IRA),Zhejiang Shuren University,Hangzhou 310015,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学环境科学与工程学院,杭州310016 [2]浙江树人大学交叉科学研究院,杭州310015

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第8期3056-3065,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41977145);浙江省自然科学基金(LY21D010005)。

摘　　要：植物修复因投资成本低、环境扰动少、二次污染易控制、美化环境等优点成为重金属污染土壤修复重要的治理技术。植物内源细胞分裂素调控植物生理活动,外源细胞分裂素对植物生理生态特征产生显著影响,且在植物修复中逐渐受到研究人员的关注。细胞分裂素能够调控植物根茎发育、叶片衰老、激素传递等过程,同时在重金属胁迫下也参与蒸腾、光合、抗性、解毒等系统的运转。以细胞分裂素对植物生理活动的调控作用研究为基础,阐述了细胞分裂素在植物修复中的作用机制。主要包括:增强光合作用,延缓叶片衰老,提升植物抗性能力;调控根茎叶发育,增加植物生物量,强化植物富集效果;增强转运蛋白表达,提高叶面蒸腾作用,促进重金属吸收转运;参与解毒过程,降低重金属毒性,调控重金属体内转化。最后提出了细胞分裂素在重金属污染土壤植物修复中的研究方向,这对促进细胞分裂素在植物修复中的实际应用具有重要意义。Phytoremediation has become an important treatment technology for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil due to its advantages such as low investment cost, less environmental disturbance, easy control of secondary pollution, and beautification of the environment. Endogenous cytokinins regulate plant physiological activities and have a significant impact on the physiological and ecological characteristics of plants. And it has gradually attracted the attention of researchers in phytoremediation. Cytokinins regulate plant rhizome development, leaf senescence, hormone transmission and other processes. At the same time, it also participates in the operation of transpiration, photosynthesis, resistance, detoxification and other systems under heavy metal stress. Based on the research about the regulation of cytokinins on plant physiological activities, the paper expounds the mechanism of cytokinins in phytoremediation. We mainly include that: First, to enhance photosynthesis, delay leaf senescence, and enhance plant resistance. Second, to regulate the development of roots, stems and leaves, increase plant biomass, and strengthen plant enrichment effects. Third, to enhance the expression of transporters, improve leaf transpiration, and promote the absorption of heavy metals in plants. Fourth, to participate in the detoxification process, reduce the toxicity of heavy metals, and regulate the transformation of heavy metals in the body. Finally, the paper puts forward the research direction of cytokinins in the phytoremediation, which is of great significance to promote the practical application of cytokinins in phytoremediation.

关 键 词：内源激素 植物修复 重金属污染 细胞分裂素 生化调控 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173