低温环境下人工湿地植物组配对养殖废水的处理效果研究  

Effect of Plant Configurations on Performance of Constructed Wetlands for Swine Wastewater Treatment at Low Temperatures

作　　者：阳光 李红芳[1] 谢陈 胡莲 彭金花 肖润林[1] 刘锋[1] YANG Guang;LI Hongfang;XIE Chen;HU Lian;PENG Jinhua;XIAO Runling;LIU Feng(Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Xinhua County District,Loudi City,Loudi 417600,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Louxing District,Loudi City,Loudi 417000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室长沙农业环境观测研究站,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]娄底市新化县农业农村局,湖南娄底417600 [4]娄底市娄星区农业农村局,湖南娄底417000

出　　处：《地球与环境》2022年第2期252-260,共9页Earth and Environment

基　　金：湖南省创新型省份建设专项(2020NK2004、2020SK2034);国家自然科学基金项目(41807056)。

摘　　要：强化低温环境下人工湿地的污水处理能力,对于促进人工湿地的应用推广具有重要的意义。本研究利用绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)和菖蒲(Acorus calamus L.)两种湿地植物,在室外低温环境下(<15℃),研究人工湿地植物组配对不同负荷养殖废水的处理效应及关键影响因素。结果表明,在不种、单种和不同顺序混种绿狐尾藻(M.aquaticum)和菖蒲(A.calamus L.)处理下,菖蒲+绿狐尾藻组合湿地(AM)对TN、TP和COD去除率均为最高,在低负荷和高负荷环境下平均去除率分别为74.2%、71.3%、83.0%和67.3%、81.9%、75.3%。相较于空白对照和植物单种的湿地系统,植物混种系统的DO较高,且AM处理在低负荷和高负荷环境下均能保持较高的C∶N。根据Pearson相关性以及PCA分析,DO与TN、NH^(+)_(4)-N去除率显著相关(P<0.05),C∶N与COD去除关联性最好。可见,菖蒲+绿狐尾藻植物组合可能通过改善DO和C∶N等湿地微环境条件来增强湿地对污染物的去除,能够作为低温环境下强化湿地对污染物去除的一种有效措施。Enhancing the performance of constructed wetlands(CWs)at low temperatures is a significant issue to promote the construction value of CWs in this study,CWs for swine wastewater treatment were constructed and operated at low temperatures to investigate the effect of plant configurations with Myriophyllum aquaticum(M.aquaticum)and Acorus calamus L(A.calamus)on pollutant removal efficiencies and the key environmental factors.The results showed the CWs planted with A.calamus+M.aquaticum(AM)achieved the highest removal efficiencies of total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)under both low and high influent loads,and the average removal efficiencies of TN,TP and COD were 74.2%,71.3%,3.0%and 67.3%,81.9%,75.3%,respectively.Compared to the CWs with no plants and plants in monoculture,dissolved oxygen(DO)of CWs with plants in polyculture were higher.The values of C∶N in CWs planted with A.calamus+M.aquaticum maintained higher than other CWs under both low and high influent loads.According to Pearson correlation and principal component analysis,DO was significantly correlated with TN and NH^(+)_(4)-N removal efficiencies and C∶N had the best correlation with COD removal.It can be seen that the configuration of A.calamus and M.aquaticum could enhance the performance of CWs by improving the micro-environmental conditions.Therefore,plant configuration can be used as an effective measure to enhance the pollutant removal performance of CWs at low temperatures.

关 键 词：人工湿地 低温 氮去除 植物组配 养殖废水 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]