定向长钻孔分段水力压裂技术在布尔台煤矿的应用  

Application of directional long borehole subsection hydraulic fracturing technology in Buertai Coal Mine

作　　者：李建军 刘文岗[2] 杜君武 任健刚 LI Jianjun;LIU Wengang;DU Junwu;REN Jiangang(Shenhua Shendong Safety Supervision Bureau,Ordos 017200,China;China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;School of Energy Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]神华神东安全监察局,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017200 [2]煤炭科学研究总院,北京100013 [3]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2022年第4期94-102,共9页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：中国煤炭科工集团重点资助项目(2019-2-ZD003);陕西省教育厅科研计划资助项目(21JK0767)。

摘　　要：为解决坚硬顶板和遗留煤柱影响下综放工作面强矿压显现问题,分析了定向长钻孔分段水力压裂原理,提出了考虑工作面“见方”影响的压裂设计方案,并在神东布尔台煤矿42202综放工作面实施应用。结果表明:在工作面“见方”范围内实施定向长钻孔分段水力压裂技术后,42202工作面压裂区域来压步距和强度降幅明显,来压步距减小了4.3%,来压时支架平均阻力降低了6.9%,动载系数较小了4.2%;工作面煤壁基本无明显片帮现象,机尾采空区垮落充分;42202工作面辅运煤巷两帮移近量减小了30.0%,顶底板移近量减小了24.2%,副帮应力最大值减小了32.1%,辅运煤巷围岩稳定性整体得到提升;压裂区域的巷道锚索受力出现了大幅度的降低,锚杆受力出现明显波动现象,证明定向长钻孔分段压裂技术可有效解决工作面远场覆岩结构,使上覆基本顶有序垮落并形成稳定的“砌体梁结构”,保证了“采空区垮落矸石-液压支架-工作面煤壁”支撑体系的整体稳定性。In order to solve the problem of strong ground pressure behavior of fully mechanized top-coal caving face under the influence of hard roof and concentrated coal pillar,the design principle of directional long borehole subsection hydraulic fracturing is analyzed,and the fracturing design scheme considering the influence of“square”of the working face is proposed,which is applied in 42202 fully mechanized top-coal caving face of Shendong Buertai Coal Mine.The results show that after the directional long borehole staged hydraulic fracturing technology is implemented in the“square”range of the working face,the incoming pressure intensity and incoming pressure step distance in the fracturing area of 42202 working face decrease significantly,and the incoming pressure step distance decreases by 4.3%.When the pressure is applied,the average resistance of the support is reduced by 6.9%,the dynamic load coefficient is reduced by 4.2%,the coal wall of the working face is basically free of obvious caving,and the collapse of the goaf at the tail of the machine is sufficient.The approach of two sides of the auxiliary transportation chute in 42202 working face is reduced by 30.0%,and the approach of the top and bottom plate is reduced by 24.2%;the maximum stress of the auxiliary side is reduced by 32.1%,and the stability of the surrounding rock along the auxiliary transportationchannel is improved as a whole.After fracturing,the stress of anchor cable is greatly reduced and the stress of anchor bolt fluctuates violently.It is proved that the directional long borehole staged fracturing technology can effectively solve the far-field overburden structure of the working face,make the overlying basic roof collapse orderly and form a stable“voussoir beam structure”,and ensure the“gangue of gob-hydraulic support-coal wall of the working face”stability.The results can provide experience and basis for rock stratum control under similar mining conditions.

关 键 词：综放工作面 定向长钻孔 分段水力压裂 工作面见方 围岩稳定性 

分 类 号：TD323[矿业工程—矿井建设]