浅埋煤层开采地表裂缝发育规律及机理研究  

Development law and mechanism of surface cracks caused by shallow coal seam mining

作　　者：苗彦平 谢晓深 陈小绳 从通 王建文 侯恩科[2,3] 冯栋 MIAO Yanping;XIE Xiaoshen;CHEN Xiaosheng;CONG Tong;WANG Jianwen;HOU Enke;FENG Dong(Hongliulin Mining Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group,Shenmu 719300,China;College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Geological Research Institute for Coal Green Mining,Xi’an 710054,China;China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Xi’an Research Institute,Xi’an 710077,China;Shenmu Ningtiaota Coal Mining Company Ltd.,Shenmu 719300,China)

机构地区：[1]陕煤集团神木红柳林矿业有限公司,陕西神木719300 [2]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,陕西西安710054 [3]煤炭绿色开采地质研究院,陕西西安710054 [4]中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司,陕西西安710077 [5]陕煤集团柠条塔矿业有限公司,陕西神木719300

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2022年第4期209-215,共7页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：陕西煤业化工集团科研计划资助项目(2018SMHKJ-A-J-03);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42177174)。

摘　　要：以柠条塔N1212工作面为研究对象,采用野外地表裂缝填图、裂缝动态监测以及数值模拟方法研究浅埋煤层开采地表裂缝发育规律及机理。结果表明:浅埋煤层开采地表裂缝发育程度高,以“台阶状”裂缝为主;面内裂缝平行间隔展布、间隔距离8~15 m之间;裂缝具有“先开后合”和“只开不合”2种活动特征;覆岩内部应力演化和破坏以“拱”型向前扩展,覆岩裂隙与地表裂缝相互贯通;地表裂缝超前产生及其活动特征与地表移动变形、地表“拉伸-压缩”变形转化、坡体滑移密切相关。In the paper,N1212 working face was taken as the research object,the law and mechanism of surface cracks in shallow coal seam mining were studied by means of field investigation,dynamic monitoring and numerical simulation.The results show that the development degree of surface cracks in shallow coal seam mining is high,mainly“step”cracks,and the in-plane cracks are distributed at parallel intervals with an interval distance of 8-15 m.The cracks have two kinds of activity characteristics:“opening-closing”and“only opening and disconnecting”;the stress evolution and failure in the overlying strata extend forward in the form of“arch”,and the overlying rock fissures and surface cracks are connected with each other;the advanced generation and activity characteristics of surface cracks are closely related to surface movement and deformation,surface“tension-compression”deformation transformation and slope slip.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of ground collapse in coal mining areas.

关 键 词：浅埋煤层 开采损害 地表裂缝 发育规律 形成机理 

分 类 号：TD3254[矿业工程—矿井建设]