渤海湾浮游纤毛虫丰度和生物量的周年变化  

Annual variation of abundance and biomass of planktonic ciliates in the Bohai Bay,China

作　　者：于莹 王宇[2] 张博伦 王硕 徐晓甫 张武昌[3,4,5] YU Ying;WANG Yu;ZHANG Bolun;WANG Shuo;XU Xiaofu;ZHANG Wuchang(Taishan University,Tai′an 271000,China;Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute,Tianjin 300457,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]泰山学院,泰安271000 [2]天津市水产研究所,天津300457 [3]中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [4]青岛海洋科学与技术(试点)国家实验室,海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,青岛266237 [5]中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心,青岛266071

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第9期3822-3831,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41806205);泰山学院引进人才科研启动基金项目(Y-01-2021014);天津市农业发展服务中心青年科技创新项目(ZXKJ201915);天津市科技重大专项与工程(18ZXRHSF00270)。

摘　　要：为了解渤海湾浮游纤毛虫丰度、生物量和种类组成的周年变化,于2019年7月—2020年6月在渤海湾一个站位进行每月1次共12个航次浮游纤毛虫样品的采集。样品按照Utermöhl方法进行分析,通过倒置显微镜镜检,计算纤毛虫的丰度和生物量。无壳纤毛虫和砂壳纤毛虫出现峰值的时间不同,无壳纤毛虫丰度和生物量均在4月和8月呈现双峰值,砂壳纤毛虫丰度和生物量均在7月出现单峰值。周年砂壳纤毛虫丰度占纤毛虫总丰度的比例平均为(28.6±32.6)%,5—7月较高,均超过50%。共鉴定砂壳纤毛虫6属21种,其中拟铃虫属(Tintinnopsis)种类最多,6—8月砂壳纤毛虫种类数最高。砂壳纤毛虫种类组成呈现明显的周年变化,温度是驱动砂壳纤毛虫群落周年变化的主要环境因子。砂壳纤毛虫群落Shannon指数的平均值为0.95±0.78,Pielou指数的平均值为0.52±0.34,均在6—8月较高。除无壳纤毛虫外,砂壳纤毛虫丰度、纤毛虫总丰度和砂壳纤毛虫丰度占纤毛虫总丰度的比例均与温度、Chl a浓度呈显著的正相关,与盐度呈显著的负相关。To understand annual variation of abundance and biomass of planktonic ciliates in the Bohai Bay,ciliates were sampled monthly at a fixed station from July 2019 to June 2020.A 1-L sample of surface water was collected with a 2.5 L Niskin water sampler and fixed in 1%acid Lugol′s iodine solution.Water samples were pre-concentrated using the Utermöhl method and observed under an Olympus IX71 inverted microscope at 100×or 400×magnification.The dimensions of the ciliates were measured and the cell volume of each species was estimated using appropriate geometric shapes.The carbon:volume ratio used to calculate biomass was 0.19 pg C/μm^(3).Aloricate ciliates were divided into three classes according to the size of cell volume.The classification of tintinnids was based on taxonomic literature.The average abundance of aloricate ciliates was(1382±1929)ind/L,ranging from 137 ind/L to 6748 ind/L.The average biomass of aloricate ciliates was(2.29±3.05)μg C/L,ranging from 0.09μg C/L to 10.83μg C/L.The average tintinnid abundance was(946±2384)ind/L,ranging from 0 ind/L to 8440 ind/L.The average tintinnid biomass was(3.86±11.57)μg C/L,ranging from 0.00μg C/L to 40.57μg C/L.The average abundance of total ciliates was(2328±2735)ind/L,ranging from 143 ind/L to 8577 ind/L.The average biomass of total ciliates was(6.15±11.35)μg C/L,ranging from 0.09μg C/L to 41.02μg C/L.Both abundance and biomass of aloricate ciliates and tintinnids showed strong annual variations throughout the year.Two peaks of aloricate ciliates were observed in April and August,respectively.Tintinnid abundance and biomass peaked in July.Tintinnids occupied(28.6±32.6)%of total ciliate abundance,being higher(>50%)from May to July.Twenty one tintinnid species were identified,13 of which were in genus Tintinnopsis.The dominant species were Leprotintinnus simplex,Leprotintinnus nordqvisti and Tintinnidium primitivum.Species number of tintinnids showed higher level from June to August.Species composition of tintinnids exhibited obvious annual vari

关 键 词：浮游纤毛虫 丰度 生物量 周年变化 渤海湾 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]