天目山常绿阔叶林土壤养分的空间异质性与植物组成之间的关系  

Relationship between Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Nutrients and Plant Composition in the Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest of Tianmu Mountain

作　　者：徐钧杰 陈旭 刘宗悦 庞春梅[2] 余树全[1] XU Jun-jie;CHEN Xu;LIU Zong-yue;PANG Chun-mei;YU Shu-quan(College of Forestry and Biotechnology,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Zhejiang Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration,Hangzhou 311311,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江天目山国家级自然保护区管理局,浙江杭州311311

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2022年第3期33-41,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江天目山森林生态定位观测研究(2045210598)。

摘　　要：研究常绿阔叶林下土壤养分的空间异质性与植物组成的关系,有利于揭示土壤空间异质性的形成原因,更好地理解植物与土壤之间的相互影响,为森林生态系统的恢复重建提供科学依据。以浙江省天目山国家级自然保护区常绿阔叶林为研究对象,采集了61个土壤样品进行pH值和7种土壤养分指标测定,并对样地内胸径≥1 cm的植物个体进行每木检尺,运用地统计学和Kriging插值等方法,分析了土壤养分的空间异质性及其与植物组成的关系。结果表明:土壤pH、有机质(SOM)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)和全钾(TK)含量的变异系数在10%~30%之间,属于中等变异,而碱解氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)和速效钾(AK)含量的变异系数>30%,呈现高度变异;土壤pH、TN、TP、TK、AP和AK含量的块基比均<0.25,呈强烈的空间自相关,而SOM和AN的块基比在0.25~0.75之间,为中等程度的空间自相关。从Pearson相关性分析结果来看,土壤pH和TP、TK、AK含量与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数均呈显著的负相关;落叶树种重要值与土壤SOM、TN、AN、AP和AK含量有显著的正相关关系,而常绿树种则相反;针叶树种重要值与土壤pH、SOM、TN、AN和AP含量存在显著的负相关关系,阔叶树种则相反。冗余分析结果表明,土壤pH是影响研究区植物分布的最重要因素。以上研究结果表明,天目山常绿阔叶林土壤养分具有明显的空间异质性,且植物组成是影响土壤养分空间异质性的重要因素。In October 2020,25 sample plots with area of 20m×20m were established in the evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang province.Tally was made on plants with DBH≥1cm,and soil samples were collected for pH and 7 soil nutrient content determination.Spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrient content and its relationship with plant composition was analyzed by geostatistics and Kriging interpolation.The results showed that the variation coefficients of soil pH,organic matter(SOM),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)and total potassium(TK)content ranged from 10%to 30%,while that of available nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP)and available potassium(AK)content were higher than 30%.Soil pH,TN,TP,TK,AP and AK showed strong spatial autocorrelation with C0/(C0+C)<0.25,while SOM and AN showed moderate spatial autocorrelation with C0/(C0+C)between 0.25 and 0.75.Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil pH,TP,TK and AK content was significantly negatively correlated with diversity and richness index.The importance values of deciduous tree species were positively correlated with soil SOM,TN,AN,AP,and AK content,while those of evergreen tree species were on the contrary.There was a significant negative correlation between the important value of coniferous species and soil pH,SOM,TN,AN,and AP content,while that of broad-leaved species was the opposite.The redundancy analysis showed that soil pH was the most important factor affecting vegetation distribution in the study area.

关 键 词：常绿阔叶林 土壤养分 地统计学 空间异质性 植物组成 天目山 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S718.54